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English Sentence Parts and Phrases

Terms in this set (19)

Simple Subject (S)
- The "who" or "what" of the verb
- Ex: The [dog] with spots likes to bark loudly
- Must be noun, pronoun, gerund, or infinitive
- Can never be in a prepositional phrase
- [There] and [here] are never the subject of a sentence
- The subject can be an "understood": Bring me the remote control, please. ([You] bring it.)
Complete Subject (Underlined once)
- Simple Subject plus its modifiers
- Ex: [The dog with spots] likes to bark loudly
- Dependent clauses modifying the subject are part of the complete subject of the independent clause. ([The dog that has spots] likes to bark)
Simple Predicate/Verb
- Transitive verb (vt): Takes a direct object (we [love] english.)
- Intransitive verb (vi): Does not take a direct object (Please [sit] down.)
- All linking verbs are intransitive. All passive voice verbs are transitive
Complete Predicate (Underlined Twice)
- Verb plus its modifiers
- The dog with spots [likes to bark loudly].
- Dependent clauses modifying the verb are part of the complete predicate of the independent clause. (The dog [likes to bark when I'm asleep].)
Complement
- Completes the meaning of the subject and verb
Direct Object (do)
- Is a noun or pronoun and is never in a prepositional phrase
- Follows an action verb
- To find it, say "subject, verb, what?" or "Subject, verb, whom?"
- I like English. "I like what?" English (Direct object)
Indirect Object (io)
- Is a noun or pronoun and is never in a prepositional phrase
- Comes before a direct object and after the verb
- To find it, say "Subject, verb, direct object, to or for whom or what?"
- He gave me the paper. "He gave paper to whom?" me (indirect object)
Predicate Nominative (Pn)
- Is a noun or pronoun
- Follows linking verb and renames subject
- To find it, say "Subject, linking verb, what or who?"
- He is a nice guy. "He is what?" guy (predicate nominative)
Predicate Adjective (Pa)
- Is an adjective
- Follows linking verb and describes subject
- To find it, say "Subject, linking verb, what?"
- He is nice. "He is what?" nice (predicate adjective)
Appositive (app)
- Noun or pronoun that follows and renames another noun or pronoun
- My son [Beck] likes trains.
Appositive Phrase (app ph)
- Noun or pronoun (along with modifiers) that follows and renames another noun or pronoun
- Ansley, [my daughter], loves to dance.
Prepositional Phrase (prep ph)
- Group of words beginning with preposition and ending with noun or pronoun
- Can act as adjective (I want a room [with a view].) or adverb (His house is [on the lake].)
- Must be next to noun or pronoun it modifies
Object of Preposition (op)
- Follows preposition and tells "what?" or "whom?"
- The key is ender the rug. "Under what?" rug (object of preposition)
- If there's no object, it's not a preposition: Please stand [up]. ([Up] is an adverb.)
Noun of Direct Address (nda)
- Person being spoken to in a sentence
- [Mom], I'm hungry. Go clean your room, [Rebekah].
Infinitive Phrase (inf ph)
- Infinitive plus its modifiers and objects
- He likes [to eat pepperoni pizza].
Object of Infinitive (obj inf)
- Follows infinitive and tells "what?"
- I want to eat pizza. "to eat what?" pizza (object of infinitive)
Gerund Phrase (ger ph)
- Gerund plus its modifiers and objects
- [Writing long essays] can be awful
Object of Gerund (obj ger)
- Follows gerund and tells "what?"
- I like eating pizza. "eating what?" pizza (object of gerund)
Participle Phrase (part ph)
- Participle plus its modifiers and objects
- [Running down the hall], he bumped into the principal.
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