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RNR Exam 1

Terms in this set (41)

substance or energy source useful or necessary to humans.
Natural Resources
T or F? natural resources consists of non-anthropogenic processes
True because its produced by nature
resources that are replenished by nature-based processes, usually living resources, but not always, e.g. fertile soil, fresh water
Renewable natural resources
for all practical purposes, are fixed, e.g., coal, oil, phosphates, gold
non-renewable natural resources
protection and restoration of living organisms and their environment, with the overall goal of maintaining the structure and function of Earth's support systems
Conservation
use of current needs of a resources without compromising future use, structure or function
Sustainability
_________ is implicit in the idea of conservation
sustainability
--------- use exploiting the components of natural systems in such a way that the use, or rate of use, does not lead to the long- term decline of the systems or the species they support (including their genetic composition), so that they are able to meettheneeds of present and future generations
Sustainable
T or F- Sustainability has increased as a result of technological innovations
False- Decreased
carbon uptake, grazing land, forest products, fisheries, cropland, built-up land
Ecological footprint
small human population; infinite resources and resilience of nature; focus on economy and production of goods
Frontier Ethics
The industrial age occurred in the late -----and in the U.S. around -----
1700's, 1820's
Steam engine ---- century
Gas engine ----- century
18th
19th
Pervasive pollution, degradation of forests, water, and land to support industry and growing urban centers, and increasing rates of plant and animal loss are all examples of???
Small scale production by hand
After the gold rush in 1849, _________ people moved to California in 1852
A. 150,000
B. 230,000
C. 300,000
D. 400,000
C. 300,000
True or False? The gold rush was accomplished by hydraulic mining and mercury
True
When was the transcontinental railroad completed
1869
Promote development of arid and semi-arid lands in the western U.S. 640 acres for $1.25/acre with a promise to irrigate within 3 years Western water governed by the Doctrine of Prior Appropriation
Water appropriated to individuals, governments, date of appropriation
paramount. This is a description of which water act?
Desert Land Act in 1877
Henry David Thoreau started the conservation movement after which events?
Gold Rush, Desert land act, and colorado river
During the issue of the colorado river, irrigation led to
A. Salinization
B. Ionization
C. mass production of crops
D. none of these
A. salinization
T or F? the septic tank leak in the colorado river caused nitrates perchlorate to eliminate the river species
True
"In Wildness is the preservation of the World"
Henry David Thoreau (1817-1862)
Naturalist writer (Walden), wrote extensively about how the
world works
Henry David Thoreau (1817-1862)
Scientist and congressman from Vermont (Man and Nature,
1864)
Natural laws and harmony; humans cause "disturbed harmonies"
George Perkins Marsh (1801-1882)
Founder of the Sierra Club in 1892
John Muir (1839-1914)
Wrote about environmental destruction from development in CA
John Muir (1839-1914)
Influenced the creation of Yellowstone (1872) - 1st National Park
John Muir (1839-1914)
Lobbied for establishment of Yosemite and Sequoia National Parks (1890)
John Muir (1839-1914)
When did the first wave occur of the 20th century conservation movement
1901-1909
First chief of the Forest Service (1905-1910)
Gifford Pinchot (1865-1946)
Using nature without destroying ità"wise use", not preservation
Gifford Pinchot (1865-1946)
Had experience with western forest speculators and forest destruction in the late 1800s; "the greatest good of the greatest number in the long run"
Gifford Pinchot (1865-1946)
Effective management of natural resource by trained professionals
A. Henry David Thoreau
B. George Perkins Marsh
C. John Muir
D. Gifford Pinchot
...
26th President, 1901-1908
Theodore Roosevelt (1858-1919)
Natural Resource Inventoryàstate conservation departments ~230 million acres of land
51 bird reservations 4 game preserves 150 forests
5 National Parks
18 National Monuments (1906 American Antiquities Act)
Theodore Roosevelt (1858-1919)
Tall-grass prairies or short-grass prairies have little rainfall and are suitable for livestock
short-grass prairies
more rainfall, mostly gone to agriculture
A. Tall-grass prairies
B. Short-grass prairies
A. tall grass prairies
drought between 1926-1935
Dust Bowl
9 million acres of topsoil lost to wind-driven erosion, 80 million acres damaged
Dust Bowl
exploiting the components of natural systems in such a way that the use, or rate of use, does not lead to the long-term decline of the systems or the species they support (including their genetic composition), so that they are able to meet the needs of present and future generations is a step of ________
sustainability
T or F? Conservation use is typically associated with the productivity (structure) of natural resources (bank account), but should also focus on maintaining system function
False- sustainability use
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