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CHemistry Terms

Terms in this set (18)

Atomic Mass:
the average mass of the atoms in an element. (decimal)
Atomic Mass Number:
the total number of protons & neutrons in an atom's nucleus. (whole number)
Atomic Number:
the number of protons in an atom's nucleus.
Periodic Table:
a table of the elements, arranged by atomic number, that shows the patterns in their properties.
Electron:
a particle with a negative charge located outside an element's nucleus.
Proton:
a particle with a positive charge located inside an element's nucleus.
Neutron:
a particle with a neutral charge located inside an element's nucleus.
Nucleus:
the central part of an element that contains protons & neutrons.
Ion:
formed when an atom loses or gains one or more electrons.
Isotopes:
atoms of the same element with a different amount of neutrons. This will change the atomic mass number.
Metal:
an element that tends to be shiny, easily shaped, and a good conductor of electricity and heat.
Nonmetal:
an element that is not a metal and has properties generally opposite to those of metal.
Metalloid:
an element that has properties of both metals and nonmetals.
Group:
a vertical column in the periodic table of elements. Elements in a group have similar properties.
Period:
a horizontal row in the periodic table of elements. Elements in a period have varying properties.
Half Life:
the length of time it takes for half of the atoms in a sample of a radioactive element to decay into atoms of another element.
Radioactivity:
the process by which the nucleus of an atom of an element releases energy and particles.
Reactive:
likely to undergo a chemical change.
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