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Terms in this set (35)

The poor, uneducated peasants who were legally bound to the noble whose land they worked.

Many people believed this was the key to modernizing Russia; the czars refused to end it.

A ruler with absolute power; in Russia, they were called czars.

The Romanov czar who gained international respect after defeating Napoleon; his time in power was plagued with civil unrest.

The Romanov czar who ruled with an "iron fist" after soldiers staged a revolt; he opposed all reform including a parliament and constitution.

The Romanov czar who tried to modernize Russia; he ended serfdom, improved education and civil service; his rule was a disappointment.

The Romanov czar who ruled harshly as a result of his father's assassination; he opposed reform, increased censorship and decreased education.

The Romanov czar who was forced to abdicate his throne as a result of a series of mistakes that evenutally lead to the Russian Revolution.

To resign or to give up one's throne.

Russo-Japanese War (cause)

Nicholas II wanted to be an imperial power, to have a warm water port, and to distract the Russia people from their internal problem. As a result, he fought a war with Japan over Korea.

Russo-Japanese War (effect)

Nicholas II lost the war; As a result, Russia lost most of its naval fleet, civil unrest at home increased, Russia has to stay out of Manchuria and acknowledge Japan's right to rule Korea.

Revolution of 1905 (cause)

As a result of poor, unsafe working conditions and inflation, some workers were fired; others went on strike. 200,000 workers marched peacefully to the czar's winter palace asking for better working conditons, universal sufferage and an end to the Russo-Japanese War (aka: Bloody Sunday).

Revolution of 1905 (effects)

As a result of Bloody Sunday, strikes, uprisings and mutinies were occuring throughout Russia. To end the revolution, Nicholas II agreed to create a Duma and to make reforms for the people.

World War I (cause -- military)

Nicholas II committed an unprepared Russian army to war; the army was no match for the German machine guns. As a result, the army suffered heavy losses and low moral. Nicholas traveled to the frontline to inspire his troops leaving his wife (and Rasputin) in charge.

World War I (cause -- economic)

Eventually shortages in food and fuel as well as Nicholas II's refusal to leave the war, led to protests that escalated into the overthrow of the czar. He could not meet the needs of the soldiers or the civilians.