S.S. Chapter 16 Vocab

Muhammad Ali Jiannh
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Terms in this set (24)
Muhammad Ali Jiannh
(1876-1948) Indian politician and founder of Pakistan; as leader of the Muslim League, he believed that Indian Muslims needed a separate nation and called for a partition in 1940.
partition
division
Jawaharlal Nehru
(1889-1964) Indian statesman; he was the first prime minister of an independent India at the end of British colonial rule.
Indira Gandhi
(1917-1984) Indian politician; daughter and mother of Indian prime ministers, she was India's first female prime minister; her term was marred by sectarian violence involving India's Sikh minority.
Perevez Musharraf
(1943-) Pakistani general; he overthrew the elected government of Pakistan in 1999 and became president.
Vietminh
nationalist organization led by Ho Chi Minh that fought for Vietnamese independence from French rule in the 1940s and 1950s
Ho Chi Minh
(1890-1969) Vietnamese nationalist and revolutionary leader; president of the Democratic Republic of Vietnam (North Vietnam) from 1945 to 1969; he wanted to bring communism to South Vietnam.
domino theory
the belief during the Cold War that the fall of one non-communist country to communism would cause neighboring non-communist countries also to fall to communists
Vietcong
communist guerilla force allied with North Vietnam which fought to overthrow the government of South Vietnam from the 1950s to 1975
Sukarno
(1901-1970) Indonesian politician; he became Indonesia's first president after he led an independence movement there. A strong anti-communist, whose policies resulted in the deaths of hundreds, he was deposed in a coup led by Suharto.
Suharto(1921-) President of Indonesia from 1967 to 1998; he seized power in Indonesia from Sukarno in a coup d'état. His authoritarian and corrupt rule eventually led to his ouster.Khmer RougeCommunists trained by the Vietcong who came to power in Cambodia in 1975Pol Pot(1925-1998) Cambodian political leader; he led the Khmer Rouge guerillas in establishing a Communist government in Cambodia. Once in power, the Communists' brutal efforts to restructure Cambodian society left 1.5 million people dead.Aung San Suu Kyi(1945-) Burmese political leader; she won the Nobel Peace Prize in 1991 for her efforts to promote democracy in the country of Myanmar (Burma).Great Leap Forward(1958) Mao Zedong's second Five-Year Plan for China; its goal was to speed progressCultural Revolutionthe violent attempt at social change in China launched by Mao Zedong in 1966Red Guarda group of young men in China who carried out the work of the Cultural Revolution; they roamed the cities and villages, identifying possible opposition to Mao Zedong's leadershipGang of Fourpowerful group of radicals, including Madame Mao, responsible for many of the excesses of China's Cultural Revolution in the 1960s and 1970s; they lost power after Mao's death in the 1976Deng Xiaoping(1904-1997) Chinese revolutionary and government leader; after a struggle for power following Mao's death, Deng took power in 1981; he made far-reaching market reforms in the Chinese economy.Tiananmen Square Massacreviolent suppression by the Chinese communist government of a large prodemocracy protest in Beijing's central square in 1989Ferdinand Marcos(1917-1989) Philippine politician; he was elected president of the Philippines in 1965, but soon became an authoritarian dictator. He imposed martial law, arrested his political opponents, and stole millions from his country's treasury.Corazon Aquino(1933-) Philippine politician and president of the Philippines from 1986 to 1992; she struggled to restore political stability, return to democracy, and rebuild the nation's economy.Kim Il Sung(1912-1994) North Korean political leader and chief of state of the Democratic People's Republic of Korea from 1948 to 1994; he established a government party based on the Soviet model, with the state controlling much of the economy, financing heavy industry and the military.Kim Jong II Asian Tigers(1941-) Dictatorial leader of North Korea; under his rule the North Korean economy has continued to deteriorate. term referring to South Korea, Hong Kong, Taiwan, and Singapore, which built strong export-driven economies in the late 1900s