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Anatomy and Physiology Questions

Terms in this set (35)

The living content of a cell that is surrounded by a plasma membrane.
Protoplasm
The constructive phase of metabolism, in which the body cells synthesize protoplasm for growth and repair; the opposite of catabolism. The sum of the physical and chemical processes by which living organized substance is built up and maintained.
Anabolism
The breaking down in the body of complex chemical compounds into simpler ones. Large molecules are broken down into smaller molecules to make energy available to the organism.
Catabolism
Body's ability to maintain its normal state.
Homeostasis
The chemical processes that occur within a living organism in order to maintain life.

Processes are concerned with the disposition of the nutrients absorbed into the blood following digestion.
There are two phases anabolic and catabolic
metabolism
Cells with a single nucleus that synthesize bone
Osteoblasts
Body's defense mechanism against environmental bacteria.
Mucous membranes
Which cells in the blood do not have a nucleus?
Red color to blood, and transport oxygen and carbon dioxide to and from the tissues.
Erythrocyte
White blood cell.

Cells that determine the specificity of the immune response to infectious microorganisms and other foreign substances.
Lymphocyte
Type of white blood cell that attack bacteria or viruses.
Monocyte
Type of white blood cell. White blood cells work to keep you healthy by fighting off viruses, bacteria, and fungi.
Basophils
Are the "first responders" when the body is invaded by bacteria, viruses, or other organisms. Guided by chemical signaling, they travel to the area of infection and attack.
Neutrophils
Flexible connective tissue that is attached to bones at the joints?
Cartilage
Help to protect or enclose organs. Most produce mucus or other secretions. Certain types of epithelial cells have tiny hairs called cilia that help protect.
Epithelial Cell
Fibrous tissue that produces movement
Muscle
Allows air to pass into lungs.
Trachea
Closes and seals off the lower airway during swallowing?
Epiglottis
situated away from the center of the body or from the point of attachment
distal
The state of being turned inside out
eversion
Point at which an impulse is transmitted from 1 neuron to another neuron
synapse
cells that help maintain homeostasis
glial cells
where is the senatorial node located
in the upper wall of the right atrium
Oxygenated blood is carried to the heart by what
pulmonary veins
The act or process of giving or receiving nourishment.
alimentation
what substance is found in greater quantity in exhaled air?
carbon dioxide
where does bile enter the digestive tract
dueodenum
reservoir for red blood cells and filters organisms from blood
spleen
responsible of secreting insulin
pancreas
specimens for gonococcal cultures in men are commonly obtained from where?
urethra
structure that collects urine in the body
bladder
Fertilization of an ovum by a spermatozoon occurs where?
Fallopian Tube
mater gland of the endocrine system-in control of most glands
pituitary
gland that regulates sleep wake and sexual -melatonin
pineal
gland for stress and adrenaline
adrenal gland
controls body temperature, sleep and appetite, blood pressure and heart rate
hypothalamus
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