P5 Cells Q&A

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What are the differences between the animal cell and the plant cells?
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What are the differences between the animal cell and the plant cells?
The plant cell has a cell wall and chloroplasts while the animal cell does not have a cell wall and chloroplasts.
Scratch the agar-agar with finger nail. It has been observed that the brown patches appeared on agar-agar and the brown patches increased over the period of 2 weeks. Why?
The bacteria and micro-organisms in our fingernails were transferred to the agar-agar in the process of scratching it. They then went through cell division and increased in number, causing the brown patches to increase over time.
Put the animal cell and the plant cell in separate Petri dish with some water and observe the cells over a few days.
It were observed that the plant cell swelled while the animal cell burst. Explain why?
Water entered both the plant cell and the animal cell. The plant cell has a thick layer of cell wall to keep it firm and prevents it from bursting. However, the animal cell does not have a cell wall, thus, when too much water entered the cell, the thin cell membrane burst.
Amy placed a plant cell under microscope and found that there is no chloroplasts. Can this cell able to carry out photosynthesis? Explain your answer.
No, it does not have chloroplasts which contains chlorophyll that traps light energy for photosynthesis.
Can a cell without nucleus reproduce? Explain your answer.
No, It does not have a nucleus that control all the activities in the cell, including reproduction of the cell.
Micky wanted to test the function of a cell membrane. He filled a bag made of a special material with water & starch & placed it into a container filled with iodine solution. The mixture in the bag turned dark blue while the iodine solution in the container remained brown. Explain why.
The bag allowed the iodine solution to pass through it to enter the bag. Thus, the iodine solution turned dark blue when it came in contact with the starch solution. The bag did not allow the starch solution to pass through it to enter the container. Thus, the iodine solution did not come in contact with any starch, so it remained brown.
A scientist wanted to insert some genetic material that would enable the plant cell to make new substance X. Name the part of the cell that the scientist should insert the genetic material into.
Nucleus.
It was found that although the plant cell was able to produce the new substance X. Substance X could not get out of the cell. Name the part of the cell that could have stopped Substance X from getting out of the cell.
Cell membrane.
A single-celled organism called the Euglena have substances of nucleus, cell membrane and chloroplasts.
Explain how the Euglena is different from an animal cell.
Suggest how the Euglena obtains its nutrients.
The Euglena has chloroplast while an animal cell does not have chloroplasts.
The Euglena makes its own food as it has chloroplasts which contain chlorophyll that traps light energy needed for photosynthesis.
What is cell membrane?
Cell membrane is semi permeable membrane, it controls the movement of substances in & out of the cell. Cell membrane is very thin, so the shape of the cell can change.
Does cell membrane allows bigger molecules to pass through?No. It does not allow bigger molecules to move into the cell or other cell structures to move out of the cell.What is cytoplasm?Cytoplasm is a jelly-like substance mainly made up of water. Many chemical reactions take place here & new substances are made. It contains many other cell structures. Many small vacuoles which contain air, food & liquid particles can also be found in the cytoplasm.What is nucleus?Nucleus is the "Brain" of a cell. It controls all the activities in the cell. It contains chromosomes which contain genes which are made up of DNA.What is cell wall?Cell wall is made up of stiff material called cellulose. It surrounds the cell membrane & gives the cell a regular shape. The rigid structure of the cell wall prevents the cell from bursting when the plant takes in water.What is chloroplasts?Chloroplasts are disc-like structures that are needed for photosynthesis. They contain green-pigment, chlorophyll which traps light energy needed for photosynthesis.Large vacuole in the plant contains cell sap. State the function of cell sap.Cell sap contains water & dissolved substances like sugar & salt. The cell sap keeps cell firm by taking in water.Why cells are important to living things?It is important for cells to reproduce so that organisms can grow, and for old & damaged cells to be replaced.