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Ch.24 Functional Behavior Assessment

Terms in this set (36)

FBA is defined as:
Both desirable and undesirable behaviors are learned and maintained through interaction with the environment.
FBA is used:
1. To define the type of reinforcement maintaining the challenging behaviors.
2. Based on knowing the reinforcer of the challenging behavior, a treatment can be designed.
FBA reinforcers:
Can be positive or negative
Tangible reinforcement
positive reinforcement in the form of access to the preferred items or activities.
Problem behavior is often reinforced:
1. through access to preferred items that are given the individual in an effort to get challenging behavior to stop.
2. The behavior may stop in the moment, it makes the challenging behavior more likely to occur in the future.
FBA enables:
hypotheses about the relations among specific types of environmental events and behaviors.
FBA is designed:
obtain info about the purposes or functions a behavior serves for a person.
Social Positive Environment:
1. attention from the environment
by nature challenging behavior often 2. draws attn from people in the environment
3. attn may reinforce the problem behavior, making it more likely to occur in the future under similar circumstances
4. may occur in situations where attn is infrequent
Automatic Positive Reinforcement
1. some behaviors produce their own reinforcement
2. a behavior is assumed to be maintained by automatic reinforcement only after social reinforcers have been ruled out
Negative Reinforcement
1. social negative-behaviors can be learned as a result of their effectiveness in terminating or postponing aversive events through others
3. automatic negative- directly terminating aversive stimulation
4 functions of behavior
1. escape/avoidance
2. attention
3. access to tangibles
4. sensory-automatic
Function vs topography
1. topography: can serve different functions of the behavior
2. topography of behavior often reveals very little useful info about the conditions that maintain it
3. identifying the function of the behavior however will suggest the conditions that need to be altered in order to change the behavior.
ex- topography vs function
self injury- escape from work
self injury- attention from teachers
self injury- reduce pain from an ear ache
Treatment based FBA
FBA assessment leads to at least 3 strategic approaches to treatment
1. alternating the antecedents for problem behavior thereby eliminating the motivating operation and/or the discriminative stimuli that prompt the behavior
2. alternating the consequences variables by placing the challenging behavior or consequence
3. teaching alternative behaviors that could replace the topography of the challenging behavior and serve the same function for the individual
Default technologies
1. non-function based interventions
2. often include increasing intrusive coercive or punishment based interventions
3. when an FBA is conducted , reinforcement -based interventions are more likely to be implemented than default technologies
4. implementing a treatment without an FBA may be ineffective , insufficient, or even harmful
5. treatment strategies based on FBA are more likely to be durable over time
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