Upgrade to remove ads
Only $35.99/year

chapter 13 biol

Terms in this set (23)

bacterial transformation
process in which bacterial cells take up segments of foreign DNA that become part of their genetic make-up.
Bcl I
One of the many restriction enzymes each of which cuts double-stranded DNA at specific short sequences of nucleotides.
Cas9 nuclease
A bacterial endonuclease that cuts double-stranded DNA at a location determined by a segment of guide RNA.
complementary DNA (cDNA)
double-stranded DNA synthesised using single-stranded RNA, such as mRNA, as the template.
covalent
describes a strong chemical bond formed between atoms when they share electrons.
CRISPR-Cas9
A tool for precise and targeted genome editing that uses specific RNA sequences (gRNAs) to guide an endonuclease, Cas9, to cut DNA at the required positions.
DNA editing
a process by which changes to the DNA sequence of genes can be achieved; also termed gene editing.
electrophoresis
technique for sorting through an electric field a mixture of DNA fragments (and other molecules with a net charge) on the basis of different fragment lengths.
electroporation
a technique that uses brief exposure of host cells to an electric field to enable the entry of segments of foreign DNA into the cells.
gene cloning
process of making multiple identical copies of a specific gene or segment of DNA.
guide RNA
a component of the CRISPR gene-editing system.
in situ hybridisation
an inherited X-linked disorder of which there are several forms; the disease is 'severe' because the immune system is greatly weakened, and the disease is 'combined' because the disorder affects two types of white blood cells that are key components of the adaptive immune system
ligase
enzyme that catalyses the joining of two double-stranded DNA fragments.
multiple cloning site (MCS)
also known as a polylinker, an MCS is a short DNA segment within a plasmid that contains recognition sites for a number of different restriction enzymes.
origin of replication (ORI)
the segment of DNA in a plasmid at which DNA replication begins.
Sets with similar terms