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Astronomy- Chapter 4

Key Concepts:

Terms in this set (50)

70%
The crust of the Earth is covered by about ___ water in the hydrosphere?
A)
B)
C)70%
D)
E)
5 times denser, like the Mercury and Venus
Compared to the density of water, our Earth averages about?
A)
B)
C)
D)5 times denser, like the Mercury and Venus
E)
That Earth's most dense material must be beneath the surface
What can we conclude about the structure of Earth's interior knowing that the average density of Earth is higher than the average density of the rock on the continents and seafloor?
A)
B)
C)That Earth's most dense material must be beneath the surface
D)
E)
Solid metallic inner core, molten metal outer core, silicate mantle and crust
From the center outward, the correct order is?
A)
B)Solid metallic inner core, molten metal outer core, silicate mantle and crust
C)
D)
E)
The meat of a cherry as compared to the put of the cherry
The relative size of the mantle of Earth compared to the solid inner core of Earth is most similar to?
A)
B)
C)
D)
E)The meat of a cherry as compared to the put of the cherry
60% as large
The moon's density, when compared to Earth's, is about?
A)
B)
C)
D)60% as large
E)
It has slowed down very gradually at about .0015 seconds per century
What is the best description of the Earth's rotation over its entire history?
A)
B)
C)
D)It has slowed down very gradually at about .0015 seconds per century
E)
The orbital and rotational motion of the Earth and Moon
Where does the energy come from to create tidal bulges?
A)
B)The orbital and rotational motion of the Earth and Moon
C)
D)
E)
The Moon
Which body has the greatest gravitational pull on Earth?
A)
B)The Moon
C)
D)
E)
Third quarter
At which phase are the tides least noticeable?
A)
B)
C)Third quarter
D)
E)
The difference between low and high tides would be greatest
What is TRUE of spring tides?
A)
B)The difference between low and high tides would be greatest
C)
D)
E)
First quarter
At which phase would tidal variation be the least during the entire day?
A)
B)First quarter
C)
D)
E)
Seismic wave data
We determine the structure of the Earth's core using?
A)
B)
C)
D)Seismic wave data
E)
The Earth's core and mantle
Seismic waves are most useful for mapping?
A)
B)
C)The Earth's core and mantle
D)
E)
Bombardment by small bodies
Like other solid bodies in the solar system, Earth's surface was kept molten by?
A)
B)
C)
D)Bombardment by small bodies
E)
The iron and nickel core is denser than the silicate mantle and crust
In noting that our world is "differentiated," we mean that?
A)
B)
C)The iron and nickel core is denser than the silicate mantle and crust
D)
E)
P waves travel faster, and this arrive sooner than do the S waves
Which statement about seismic waves is TRUE?
A)
B)P waves travel faster, and this arrive sooner than do the S waves
C)
D)
E)
Only P waves can be detected in the shadow zone
Which statement about seismic waves is FALSE?
A)
B)
C)
D)Only P waves can be detected in the shadow zone
E)
The seismographs left there by the Apollo astronauts
Moonquakes on the Moon were detected by?
A)
B)The seismographs left there by the Apollo astronauts
C)
D)
E)
A firecracker
Moonquakes release about as much energy as?
A)
B)
C)
D)A firecracker
E)
The Moon's surface rocks are similar in density to the Moon's average density
Scientists are confident that the Moon does not have a large, dense nickel-iron core because?
A)The Moon's surface rocks are similar in density to the Moon's average density
B)
C)
D)
E)
Earth would have an average temperature of -23 degrees Celsius
Without the greenhouse effect operating in our atmosphere?
A)
B)Earth would have an average temperature of -23 degrees Celsius
C)
D)
E)
The oxygen in Earth's atmosphere is a result of early life on Earth
How is the existence of Earth's unique atmosphere explained?
A)The oxygen in Earth's atmosphere is a result of early life on Earth
B)
C)
D)
E)
Nitrogen
What gas is the primary constituent of our atmosphere?
A)
B)
C)Nitrogen
D)
E)
Oxygen
Which major atmospheric component is chiefly a product of life processes?
A)
B)
C)Oxygen
D)
E)
Ozone layer
The critical part of the atmosphere for protecting life on the ground from excessive ultraviolet radiation is the?
A)
B)
C)Ozone layer
D)
E)
Troposphere
In what part of our atmosphere do we live?
A)Troposphere
B)
C)
D)
E)
Convection
What is the process that physically transfers heat from a lower (hotter) to a higher (cooler) level?
A)
B)
C)
D)Convection
E)
The ionosphere
Above about 80 km, the Sun's radiation ionizes the gases. What is the part of Earth's atmosphere called?
A)
B)
C)The ionosphere
D)
E)
Water vapor and carbon dioxide
The principal greenhouse gases in our present atmosphere are?
A)
B)
C)Water vapor and carbon dioxide
D)
E)
Troposphere
Almost all of our atmospheric gases lie in the?
A)
B)
C)
D)
E)
Outgoing infrared radiation from the Earth
The Greenhouse Effect works by trapping?
A)
B)
C)
D)Outgoing infrared radiation from the Earth
E)
0.03
What is the percentage of Earth's atmosphere (by volume) that is carbon dioxide (CO2)?
A)
B)
C)
D)
E)0.03
In the stratosphere
Within Earth's atmosphere the ozone layer is located?
A)
B)
C)In the stratosphere
D)
E)
The troposphere
Within Earth's atmosphere, in which layer does convection occur?
A)The troposphere
B)
C)
D)
E)
They continue moving, producing a variety of large deformations
When two tectonic plates collide?
A)
B)
C)
D)They continue moving, producing a variety of large deformations
E)
The Grand Canyon's eroded depths
Which of these is not a product of plate tectonics and hot spots?
A)
B)
C)
D)
E)The Grand Canyon's eroded depths
Earth's subsurface convection cycle
The motion of the tectonic plates is driven by?
A)
B)
C)
D)
E)Earth's subsurface convection cycle
The rain of micrometeorites chewing up the regolith
The chief erosive agent now on the Moon is?
A)
B)
C)
D)The rain of micrometeorites chewing up the regolith
E)
Shows that most interplanetary debris was swept up soon after the formation of the solar system
The rate of cratering?
A)
B)
C)
D)
E)Shows that most interplanetary debris was swept up soon after the formation of the solar system
They range from 4.6-4.4 billion years old, on average
The rate of cratering in the lunar highlands shows us that?
A)
B)They range from 4.6-4.4 billion years old, on average
C)
D)
E)
The Moon lacks wind, water, and an atmosphere
The average rate of erosion on the Moon is far less than on Earth because?
A)
B)
C)The Moon lacks wind, water, and an atmosphere
D)
E)
Rilles associated with lava flows accompanying the mare formation
Which type of feature is the best evidence of lunar volcanism?
A)
B)
C)
D)Rilles associated with lava flows accompanying the mare formation
E)
Maria
These are found on the side of the Moon that faces Earth, but not on the far side?
A)
B)Maria
C)
D)
E)
Highlands
Which lunar feature most resembles the Moon's original crust?
A)
B)
C)
D)
E)Highlands
Intense auroral displays
When strong solar winds are displaced poleward by our magnetic fields, we get?
A)
B)Intense auroral displays
C)
D)
E)
Van Allen Radiation Belts
The region around Earth where the magnetic field traps charged particles is the?
A)
B)
C)Van Allen Radiation Belts
D)
E)
We have a liquid metal outer core, spinning rapidly as we rotate
The presence of a magnetic field is a good indication that?
A)
B)
C)We have a liquid metal outer core, spinning rapidly as we rotate
D)
E)
Magnetic fields are generated by rapidly spinning, fluid metallic interiors
The Dynamo Theory holds that?
A)
B)
C)
D)Magnetic fields are generated by rapidly spinning, fluid metallic interiors
E)
Prevents charged particles in the solar wind from reaching the surface
Earth's magnetic field?
A)Prevents charged particles in the solar wind from reaching the surface
B)
C)
D)
E)
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