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Forensic Science exam review

Terms in this set (50)

Forensic Science is the application of science to
Civil and criminal laws
Which area of science is not involved in criminalistics?
None of the above
The fictional character of Sherlock Holmes was created by
Doyle
Who is known as the "father of forensic toxicology?
Orfilia
Who developed the system known as anthropometric?
Bertillon
Who undertook the first definitive study of infer prints as a method of person identification?
Galton
Who devised a technique for determining the blood group of a dried bloodstain, which he applied to criminal investigations?
Lattes
Who established the comparison microscope as the indispensable tool of the modern firearms examiners?
Goddard
Who wrote the first treatise describing the application of science to the field of criminal investigations?
Gross
Who established the first workable crime laboratory? Who formed the exchange of evidence principle?
Locard
The oldest forensic laboratory in the United States is that of the
Los Angeles Police Department
Approximately how many operating crime labs are there in the United States?
250
Which of the following can be rightfully cited as an experiment for the rapid growth of crime labs during the last 25 years?
All of the above
Which one of the following maintains the largest crime laboratory in the world?
FBI
Which would not be included in the work of the biology unit of a crime lab?
Fingerprint analysis
Which unit has the responsibility for the examination of body fluids and organs for the presence of drugs and poisons?
Toxicology unit
The concept of "general acceptance" of scientific evidence relates to the
Frye Standard
In the case of Daubert Dow Pharmaceutical, Inc., the U.S. Supreme Court advocated that a "gatekeeper" determine the admissibility and reliability of scientific evidence. This gatekeeper is the
Trial judge
Which of the following is not true? An expert witness must be able to demonstrate
Formal degree in forensic science
The final evaluator of forensic evidence is the
Jury
What is the least important consideration in the gathering of evidence at a crime scene?
Guilt of the suspect
Which matter is not the province of civil litigation? The determination of competency to
Purchase a vehicle
Bite marks would be least likely to be found in cases involving
Arson
Forensic odontological refers to the study of
Teeth
Which of the following services are typically provided to law enforcement by crime laboratories?
Criminalistics
The scientific method requires that scientific evidence be validated by
All of the above
The systematic collection, organization, and analysis of information is a process known as
The scientific method
The first officer on the scene, after providing or obtaining medical assistance for the injured and effecting an arrest of suspects should immediately
Secure the scene
The most basic methods of crime scene recording include all of the following except
Infrared analysis
If the crime scene includes a dead body, the photographer should
Depict injuries and weapons at scene
A rough sketch need not include a
Date, location, and time of the incident
Which statement about note taking is not true?
Note taking is done after all crime scene processing has been completed
Which crime scene search pattern would absolutely require more than one investigator?
Grid
Physical evidence at a hit-and-run science could include
Glass fragments
The successful outcome of a criminal investigation is almost always directly related to
The manner in which the evidence is collected and preserved
A properly maintained chain of custody is not the responsibility of the
Trial judge
Success in the recognition and collection of physical evidence is determined primarily by the
Skill of personal processing the crime scene
The collection of standard reference samples at the crime scene is important because they
Permit comparisons to be made with the evidence
Evidence with individual characteristics can lead to a determination of common origin. Which type of evidence cannot yield such results?
Random straits owns on tools
The likelihood of finding class physical evidence is what the likelihood of finding physical evidence with individual characteristics
Greater than
Physical evidence is considered to have what as that of eyewitness evidence
Greater value
The corroborative use of physical evidence means that it can be used to
Rule out a particular suspect
Physical evidence can be used to exonerate or exclude a person from suspicion if
It does not have a well-documented chain of custody
Crime scene reconstruction requires the piecing together of
All of the above
Forensic database are maintained for all of the following except
Automotive paint
In what year did the combined DNA Index System become fully operational?
1998
A component of the National Integrated Ballistics Information Network is called
IBIS
Crime scene reconstruction involves the efforts of all but the
Trial judge
What is impression evidence?
Is simply where several objects are pressed or stamped against one another allowing the objects to transfer and retain characteristics from one another
Distinguish between plastic, visible, and latent fingerprints.
Plastic fingerprints are three-dimensional impressions and can be made by pressing your fingers in fresh paint, wax, soap, or tar. This type of fingerprint is easily visible to the human eye. Patent fingerprints can be made by blood, grease, ink or dirt.
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