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US History Chapter 3 - Extra Credit

Terms in this set (45)

What were the Articles of Confederation?
the first set of laws that America operated under from 1777-1789
Why was the American Revolution fought?
fought to preserve the rights of their colonial assemblies, new states believed sovereignty rested in their state governments
The post-colonial distrust of strong, national governmental power can most clearly be seen in the creation of _______________
Articles of Confederation
What did the Treaty of Paris do?
end Revolutionary War
What was the Northwest Ordinance?
laws established a method for distribution of the national domain/land, set the precedent for the creation of new states
What was Shay's Rebellion?
Massachusetts farmers who were losing their farms because of tax debt; marched to close the local courts and prevent foreclosure proceedings on their farms
Under the Articles of Confederation, who held the most power?
the state government
Shay's Rebellion convinced many colonies ______________
to create a new, stronger central government
Why was a weak central government established?
founders feared strong central government like they had under king
What were the goals of the Constitutional Convention?
identify the problems with the AOC, come up with ideas to fix the problems, compromise if necessary, to create a law system that worked for the most people
Which of the following was not a cause leading to the Constitutional Convention?
A. Shay's Rebellion
B. Economic (high debt) problems
C. Weaknesses in the AOC
D. The Land Ordinance and Northwest Ordinance
D
What was the biggest financial obstacle faced under the Articles?
taxation, currency
What were some international issues America faced under the Articles?
trade, access to New Orleans
How did the Constitution address the issue or power?
federalism- power shared between national and state governments
What 2 branches of government were not included in the AOC?
judicial and executive
What is the purpose of checks and balances?
limit power of each branch of government
What was the 3/5ths Compromise?
slaves were to count as 3/5 of a person for the purposes of both representation and taxation
The Great Compromise and the Three-Fifths Compromise both dealt with ______________
the representation of states in Congress
Why were The Federalist Papers written?
persuade people to support the Constitution
What is the Electoral College and why was it created?
selects President, try to put down popular will of the people
What was the major difference between the Federalists and the Anti-federalists?
Federalists- wanted Constitution ratified, Anti-federalists- didn't want Constitution ratified
What is sovereignty?
the fundamental principle of democracy is that the government derives its power from the consent of the governed
What are delegated powers?
federal powers, ex. war, peace treaties
What are reserved powers?
state powers, ex. marriage, education
What are concurrent powers?
shared powers between the national government and the states, ex. taxes
The division of governing power between the national, state, and local governments is called __________
federalism
What is the executive branch?
the President of the US, enforce the laws of the nation, and the commander in chief of the armed forces
What is the legislative branch?
creates laws, approves taxes, and commits to treaties, the Congress of the United States- The Senate and the House of Representatives
What is the judiciary branch?
the Supreme Court of the United States, decides if laws are constitutional or not
George Mason wrote in 1787 that "The purse and the sword must not be in the same hands." What principle in the US Constitution best reflects the concern expressed in the quotation?
separation or powers
What is the 1st amendment?
rights of freedom of speech, religion, assembly, and the press
What is the 2nd amendment?
right to bear arms
What is the 4th amendment?
protects against unfair trials and unreasonable search and seizure
The Bill of Rights ______________
identifies the rights and freedoms of individual citizens
What is the significance of Philadelphia?
city in which the US Constitution was written
What is the Senate?
house of government that has 2 representatives per state
What is the House of Representatives?
house of government that the number of representatives is based on population of a state
What is unicameral? Bicameral?
one house, two houses
What is the significance of New Jersey?
the small populated state that wanted 1 vote per state
What is the significance of Virginia?
the large populated state that wanted representation based on population
What is the significance of Spain?
European country that would not give the US access to the port of New Orleans
What is the significance of England?
European country that didn't allow trade with US after revolution
What did the Great Compromise do?
create Senate and House
What is the significance of Paris?
city in which the treaty was signed to end the American Revolution
What was needed to amend the Constitution?
3/4ths of states and 2/3rds of Congress
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