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R405 Chapter 2 Terms

Terms in this set (23)

Analog processing
Type of image processing where both the input image and converted output image are in analog form
Analog signal
A continuous electric signal representing a specific condition, such as temperature, electrocardiogram waveforms, telephones, or computer modems
Analog-to-digital converter (ADC)
Component of the digital acquisition system that converts analog signals to digital information for processing by a digital computer
Bit
Abbreviation for binary digit, the smallest unit of information in a computer
Convolution
A general-purpose processing algorithm technique of filtering in the space domain
Convolution kernel
Group of pixels used in determining the weighting factors that average the value of each pixel from input to output mathematical filter
Digital processing
Method through specific operations of a digital computer processing and manipulating an input of a digital image to produce an output image that is different from and more useful than the input image
Digital signal
The characterization or measurement of a signal in terms of a series of numbers rather than some continuously varying value
Digital-to-analog converter (DAC)
Component of the data acquisition system that converts digital information to analog signals
Digitization
Process of converting an analog imaging into numerical data for processing by a computer
Geometric operation
Algorithm that modifies that spatial position or orientation of the pixels in an image
Global operation
Algorithm based process in which the entire input image is used to compute the value of the pixel in the output image
Gray-level mapping
The most commonly used point processing technique that uses a look-up table that plots the output and input gray levels against each other
Histogram
A graph of the pixels in all or part of the image, plotted as a function of the gray level
Image processing
Performance of a digital computer that takes an input digital image and processes it to produce an output digital image by using the binary number system
Image processing hardware
Several interconnected physical components of an imaging system whose major components include the ADC, image storage, image display, image processor, host computer, and DAC
Local operation
An image processing operation in which the output image pixel value is determined from a small area of pixels around the corresponding input pixel
Look-up table (LUT)
Used in gray-level mapping to plot the output and input gray levels against each other for gray-level transformation
Pixel
Picture element
Point operation
Image processing technique that scans the input image matrix pixel by pixel and maps it to the corresponding output image pixel until the entire image is transformed
Quantization
Final step in image digitization method of a brightness value of each sampled pixel being assigned an integer called a gray level
Sampling
Second step in image digitization measuring of the brightness of each pixel in an entire image
Spatial frequency filtering
An example of a local operation that concerns brightness information in an image
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