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Intro-Physics final spring

Terms in this set (73)

unit of measurement for mass
kilogram (kg)
unit of measurement for length
meter (m)
unit of measurement for volume
cubic meters (m^3)
unit of measure for time
second (s)
Si prefixes
giga-billion
mega-million
kilo-thousand
deci-tenth
centi-hundredth
milli-thousandth
micro-millionth
frame of reference
a system of objects that are not moving with respect to one another
relative motion
movement in relation to a frame of reference
distance
length between 2 points
-measured in meters
displacement
direction from starting pt. and the length of a straight line from the starting pt. to ending pt.
-includes direction(i.e. North South East West)
vector
quantity that has magnitude and direction
distance(final) - distance(initial)=D
displacement formula
speed
ratio of the distance an object move to the amount of time the object moves
-measured in m/s
distance/time
speed formula
instantaneous speed
rate at which an object is moving at a given moment in time
speed
slope on a distance time graph
velocity
speed and direction in which an object is moving
-measured in m/s
v=d/t
velocity formula
acceleration
the rate a which velocity changes
-measured in meters per second squared (m/s^2)
change in velocity(Vf-Vi)/time
acceleration formula
acceleration
slop of a speed-time graph
force
a push or pull that acts on an object
-changing direction or speed
Newton
measurement of force
net force
overall force acting on an object
balanced force
net force is 0
unbalanced force
object accelerates
friction
a force that opposes the motion of objects that touch as they move past each other
static friction
the friction that acts on objects that are not moving
sliding friction
a force that opposes the direction of motion of an object as it slides over a surface
rolling friction
the friction force that acts on rolling objects
fluid friction
opposes the motion of an object through a fluid
air resistance
fluid friction acting on an object moving through air
gravity
a force that acts between any two masses
-an attractive force
inertia
the tendency of an object to resist a change in motion
newtons first law
the state of motion of an object doesn't change as long as the net force is zero
-object at rest stays at rest
-object in motion stays in motion
mass
a measure of the inertia of an object and depends on the amount of matter the object contains
weight
the force of gravity acting on an object
mass X acceleration due to gravity
weight formula
net force/mass
acceleration formula
Newtons second law
the acceleration of an object is equal to the net force acting on it divided by the objects mass
Newtons third law
whenever one object exerts a force on a second object that second object on the first object exerts an equal and opposite force on the first object
strong nuclear force
powerful force of attraction that acts only on the neutrons and protons in the nucleus, holding them together
static elecricity
study of behavior of electric charges
bouyancy
ability of a fluid to exert an upward force on an object placed in it
pressure/lift
result of a force, distributed over area
-measured in pa
centripetal force
inward force that causes objects path to curve
force/area
pressure formula
fluid
a substance that assumes the shape of its container
work
the product of force and distance
-measured in j
force x distance
work formula
power
rate of doing work
-measured in watts
work/time
power formula
horsepower
equal to 746 watts
hp=power/746
lever
a rigid bar that is free to move around a fixed pt.
fulcrum
the fixed pt. the lever/bar rotates around
energy
ability to do work
mechanical energy
due to motion or position
-Ke+Pe
Thermal energy
heat energy
-low..slower particles move
chemical energy
energy available for release from chemical reactions
electrical energy
caused by movement of electrons
electromagnetic energy
'light' energy
-energy from......spectrum
nuclear energy
energy stored in nucleus of an atom
potential energy
energy of position or shape
kinetic energy
energy of motion
1/2(m)*v^2
1 half mass times velocity squared
kinetic energy formula
mgh
mass times gravity times hieght
potential energy formula
heat
transfer of thermal energy from 1 object to another
-measured in j
Q=mc delta T
m=mass
delta T= change in temp.
c=specific heat
heat formula
solid
has fixed volume and fixed shape
liquid
has fixed volume and not fixed shape
gas
has not fixed volume and not fixed shape
density x grav. x hieght
liquid pressure formula
FoutDout=FinDin
Lever formula
mass x acceleration
force formula
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