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Chemistry Test Chapter 6&7

Terms in this set (56)

How did early chemists organize the known elements?
Chemists used the properties of elements to sort them into groups.
How did Mendeleev organize his periodic table?
Mendeleev arranged the elements in his periodic table in order of increasing atomic mass The periodic table can be used to predict properties of undiscovered elements.
How do we arrange the periodic table?
We arrange them according to increasing atomic number.
Why are there more elements in higher numbered periods?
There are more orbitals in higher energy levels.
Periodic Law
When elements are arranged in order of increasing atomic number, there is a periodic repetition of their physical and chemical properties.
•The properties of the elements within a period
change as you move across a period from left
to right.
•The pattern of properties within a period
repeats as you move from one period to the
next.
What are the three broad classes of elements?
Metals, nonmetals, and metalloids
What happens across a period with reaction to metallicity?
The metals become less metallic and more nonmetallic.
Metals
Are good conductors of heat and electric current because they tend to lose electrons rather than gain electrons. and the electrons can float freely in the metal. They also have high luster, are ductile, and are malleable
Nonmetals
Most are poor conductors of heat and electric current because they tend to gain electrons. Most are gases at room temp some are solids (sulfur and phosphorus) and bromine is a dark red liquid
Metalloid
Generally has properties that are similar to those of metals and nonmetals. The behavior of a metalloid can be controlled by changing conditions, like temperature.
Metals in group 1A
Alkali metals
Metals in group 2A
Alkali Earth metals
Nonmetals in group 7A
Halogens
What does the group number equal?
The number of electrons in the highest occupied energy level.
Noble Gases
Elements in Group 8A
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