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K¹² Honors Biology 2.21 Unit Assessment: The Chemistry of Life

Terms in this set (15)

Which atoms are in all carbohydrates?
carbon, hydrogen, oxygen (CORRECT)
Which type of macromolecule is the sugar fructose?
carbohydrate (CORRECT)
Which statement best explains how the structure of a starch molecule relates to its function?
A branching structure provides many points where enzyme digestion can take place and release glucose molecules. (CORRECT)
Which characteristic do glycogen and starch share?
Both are storage forms of glucose. (CORRECT)
Most lipids contain long chains of which two atoms?
carbon and hydrogen (CORRECT)
Which statement best relates to how the structure of a lipid influences the lipid's function?
A phospholipid has a charged head and an uncharged tail. (CORRECT)
All amino acids have a central carbon with four components attached to it. One of these components is called the R group. Which of the following best describes the R group?
The R group gives the amino acid unique characteristics. (CORRECT)
Chitinase is an enzyme that breaks down the chitin molecules in the insect exoskeleton. The sequence of amino acids in the chitinase is an example of which level of protein structure?
primary (CORRECT)
The amount of energy needed for a reaction to take place is the activation energy. Enzymes can lower the activation energy of a chemical reaction. Which of the following describes a way that this could happen?
Molecules can be brought together so they will bond more easily. (CORRECT)
What is one way that RNA differs from DNA?
It is single-stranded. (CORRECT)
Which molecule do mammals use to store extra glucose in their muscles?
glycogen (CORRECT)
Which molecule do plants use to store extra glucose?
starch (CORRECT)
Which element is present in all amino acids, but not necessarily in fats or carbohydrates?
nitrogen (CORRECT)
Which statement best describes the role of DNA in the body?
It contains genetic information. (CORRECT)
Which statement best explains how enzymes speed up chemical reactions?
Enzymes lower the activation energy of a reaction. (CORRECT)
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