Differential diagnosis

Term
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Cardiogenic shock
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Terms in this set (58)
Cardiogenic shock
Chest pain, dyspnea, tachycardia, JVD, rales, arrhythmias
Obstructive shock
Beck's traid (JVD, muffled heart sounds, narrowing pulse pressure) OR Dyspnea, anxiety, tachycardia, tachypnea, decreased tidal volume, falling BP, difficulty in ventilation
Distributive Shock
Septic shock, Neurogenic shock, Anaphylactic shock and Psychogenic shock
Septic shock
Warm skin, peripheral and pulmonary edema, tachycardia, low BP
Neurogenic shock
Bradycardia or normal HR, low BP, absence of sweating, normal warm skin, mechanism for spinal injury
Anaphylactic shock
Sudden onset of itching, urticaria (hives), flushed appearance, generalized edema, weak pulse, decreasing BP, tightness in chest, wheezing, dyspnea
Hypovolemic shock
Rapid and weak pulse, thirst, decreasing LOC, cool and clammy skin, low BP
Compensated shock
Anxiety, tachypnea, tachycardia, weak radial pulse, cool and clammy skin, weakness, dyspnea, thirst
Decompensated shock
AMS, tachypnea, tachycardia, hypotension, (<90 systolic), narrowing pulse pressure, dull and dilated pupils, diaphoresis, cyanosis, orthostatic vitals
Hepatitis
Loss of appetite, nausea/vomiting, fever, jaundice, fatigue, muscle and joint pain
AsthmaWheezing, bronchospasmBronchitis (COPD)Chronic cough, wheezing, cyanosis, productive cough, pulmonary edema, tachypneaCongested Heart FailureDependent edema or pulmonary edema, rales, orthopnea, JVD, productive cough, chronic dyspnea, A-FibCroupFever, barking cough, stridor, pediEmphysema (COPD)Barrel chest, pursed lip breathing, dyspnea on exertionPneumoniaDyspnea, fever, chills, cough, dark sputum, "heavy chest", rales, rhonchiPneumothoraxSudden chest pain with dyspnea, decreased lung sounds on affected sidePulmonary EmbolismSudden onset of dyspnea, sharp pin-point pain (often on deep inspiration), hemoptysis, cyanosis, tachypnea, Hx of surgery or childbirthPertussis (Whooping Cough)Prolonged coughing spells, fever, pedi, whooping sound subsequent to coughPleural EffusionGradual or sudden onset dyspnea, decreased breath sounds over affected areaHyperventilation (panic attack)Deep and rapid respirations, anxiety, dizziness, numbness, tingling in hands and feetCystic FibrosisChronic productive cough with thick discolored mucus, tachypnea, dyspnea, pedi, barrel chest, clubbed fingers, cyanosisEpiglottitisSudden onset of sore throat, high fever, drooling, dyspnea, stridorAngina PectorisShort (3-8 min.) episode of crushing chest pain, pain that radiates to the jaw or arm, dyspnea, diaphoresis, anxiety, abnormal or irregular heart rate, pain relieved by restAcute Myocardial InfarctionSudden onset of weakness, anxiety, nausea, diaphoresis, heavy pressing chest pain, pain that radiates to jaw or arm, dyspnea, pain unrelieved by rest or medicationAortic AneurysmSudden onset of sharp tearing or burning pain in the chest or between the shoulder blades, difference in BP between arms, significant hypertensionCVA (stroke) or TIAAphasia, unilateral weakness (hemiparesis) or paralysis (hemiplegia), severe headache, AMS or decreasing LOC, slurred speech (dysarthria), memory lossAppendicitisGeneralized abdominal pain developing into RLQ pain/referred pain around navel, rebound tenderness, N/V, anorexia, fever, chillsPeptic Ulcer (duodenal or Gastric)Upper midabdomen or upper back pain especially about 3 hours after eating, pain may also be relived by eating, bloating, N/V, hematemesis, melenaDiverticulitisLLQ pain, fever, malaise, body aches, chills, N/VCystitis (bladder inflammation)Retropubic (lower midabdomen) painPancreatitisUpper abdomen pain (both quadrants), ETOH abuse, N/V, distention and tenderness, fever and tachycardia (late signs)Gall Bladder Stone/Inflammation (Cholecystitis)RUQ pain, referred pain to right shoulder, symptoms most prevalent after a fatty meal, N/V, indigestionUrinary Tract Infection (UTI)Painful urination, frequent urge to urinate, difficulty urinating, generalized discomfort, evolving into extreme burning pain especially during urination, hematuriaKidney Stone or Kidney Infection (Pyelonephritis)Vague to extreme pain origination in the flank and may travel toward the genitalia, tachycardia, hypertensionAcute Renal FailureGeneralized edema, decreased or absent urine output, heart failure, hypertensionChronic Renal FailureAltered LOC, seizures, lethargy, nausea, headaches, crampsHypothyroidismBradycardia, decreased metabolism, cold and dry skin, weight gain, weakness, constipationHyperthyroidismTachycardia, skin hot and flushed, tremors, restlessness, irritability, diarrheaDiabetes (undiagnosed Type -2)Fatigue, nausea, frequent urination, thirst, unexplained weight loss, blurred vision, slowly healing wounds, cranky or confused mental status, unresponsive, seizuresHypoglycemiaBizarre behavior, tachycardia, neurologic deficits, AMS, weakness, facial drooping, slurred speech, lack of coordination, anxiety, combativeness, pale moist and cool skin, dizzinessDiabetic Ketoacidosis (DKA)Polyuria, vomiting, abdominal pain, deep and rapid breathing between, fruity breath smellHONK (Hyperosmolar Nonketotic Coma)Slow and progressive decrease in LOC, severe dehydration, neurologic deficitsChlamydiaLower abdominal pain or low back pain, nausea, fever, pain during intercourse, bleeding between menstrual periods, rectal painGonorrheaDysuria, burning and itching of the genitals, yellowish or bloody discharge, foul odor, cramping, abdominal painSyphilisChancre, mucous membrane lesions, rash (generally on hands and feet), fever, swollen lymph glands, sore throat, hair loss, headaches, weight loss, muscle aches, fatigue, paralysis, dementia, blindnessEctopic PregnancyMissed menstrual cycle, sudden onset of stabbing unilateral pain in lower abdomen, vaginal bleedingInternal BleedingHematemesis (vomited blood), hemoptysis (cough up blood), melena (tarry stool), hematochezia (bloody stool), pain/tenderness, swelling, referred painHead InjuryIrregular breathing pattern, widening pulse pressure, bradycardia, non-reactive or unequal pupils, amnesia, seizures, N/V, lacerations or contusionsIncreased Intracranial Pressure (Cushing's Triad)Increased BP, bradycardia, irregular respirationsEpidural HematomaLoss of consciousness, following injury unilateral pupil fixation, later - increased BP, bradycardia, irregular respirationsSubdural HematomaFluctuating LOC, unilateral hemiparesis, dysarthria (slurred speech), later - increased BP, bradycardia, irregular respirationsConcussionShort lived confusion and disorientation following injury, amnesia, dizziness, vomiting, visual changes, ringing in the ears, poor motor control, headacheTension PneumothoraxUnilaterally decreased or absent breath sounds, unequal chest rise, narrowing pulse pressure, hyperresonance to percussion, tachycardia, tachypnea, progressive dyspnea, decreasing LOC, JVDPericardial TamponadeTachycardia with weak pulse, respiratory distress, hypotension, narrowed pulse pressure, increased diastolic pressure, JVD, muffled heart tonesHypothermia (progressive)Bradypnea, bradycardia, confusion, lethargy, aphasia, poor motor coordination, cool to cold skin, cyanosis, combativeness, exposure to coldHeat ExhaustionDry tongue and thirst, dizziness, weakness, tachycardia, profuse sweating, Hx of prolonged exertion or exposure to extreme heatHeat StrokeHot and dry skin, flushed appearance, falling LOC, AMS, seizures, tachycardia progressing to weak and thread pulse, tachypnea, Hx of prolonged exertion or exposure to extreme heat, cessation of sweating