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Intro to Nursing Exam 2

Terms in this set (68)

Observable or measurable effects of healthcare interventions
Care delivery outcomes
A way to identify new knowledge, improve professional education and practice, and use nursing and healthcare resources effectively
Nursing research
What drives the direction of current health care environment?
Quality and cost issues
Improves quality, safety, patient outcomes, and nurse satisfaction while reducing costs
Evidence based care
Helps nurses make effective, timely and appropriate clinical decisions in response to the broad political, professional and societal forces present in today's health care environment
Evidence based practice
What is a problem solving approach to clinical practice that integrates the conscientious use of best evidence w/ a clinician's expertise in making decisions in about patient care
Evidence based practice
Where does the best information come from?
Evidence that comes from well designe, systematically conducted research studies in scientific journals
What is a systematic, problem-solving process that facilitates achievement of best practices?
Evidence based practice
What leads to inappropriate or unnecessary care?
Gaps b/w what is known to improve patient care and what we actaully do wehn caring for patients.
Knowledge Focused Trigger
A question regarding new information avilable on a topic
Important sources for knowledge focused trigger
Standards and practice guidelines available from national agencies
What does the National Database of Nursing Quality Improvement
Info on falls, falls with injuries, pressure ulcer incidence, and nurse satisfaction.
P in PICOT
Patient population of interest
Procedure for P in PICOT
Identify patients by age, gender, ethnicity, and disease or health problems
I in PICOT
Intervention of interest
Procedure for I in PICOT
Which interventions worthwhile to use in practice
C in PICOT
Comparison of interest
Procedure for C in PICOT
What is the usual standard of care or current intervention used now in practice
O in PICO
Outcome
Procedure for O in PICOT
What resault do you wish to achieve or obsere as a result of an intervention (patient behavior)
T in PICOT
Time
Procedure for T in PICOT
What amout of time is needed for an intervention to achieve an outcome
Reviwed for accuracy, validity, and rigor and approved for publication by expert before it's published
Peer-reviewed article
Systematically developed statements about a plan of care for a specific set of clinical circumstances involving a specific patient population
Clinical guidelines
Example of clinical guidelines
Care of children and adolescents with type 1 diabetes
The most precise form of experimental study: gold standard for research
RCT
Typically focuses on the benefits, risks, costs, and holistic effects of a treatment on patients
Outcome research
Helps patients, healthcare providers, and those in healthcare policy make informed decisions on the basis of current evidence
Outcome research
Focuses on the recipients of service and not the providers
Outcome research
The foundation of research and the most reliable and objective of all methods of gaining knowledge
Scientific method
Supports the validity, reliability, and generalizability of the data
Scientific method
Researchers use this to understand, explain, predict, or control a nursing phenomenon
Scientific method
Study that tightly controls conditions to eliminate bias with the goal of generalizing the results of the study
Experimental research
Often used in nursing research
Nonexperimental descriptive studies
Describe, explain, or predict phenomena
Nonexperimental descriptive studies
Researches study one group of subjects w/ a condition (asthma) w/ another group who doesn't
Case control study
Researchers look back in time and review available data about their 2 groups to understand which variables explain the condition
Case control study
Helps explain an event by defining ideas or concepts, explaining relationships among the concepts and predicting outcomes
Theory
Conceptualizes an aspect of nursing to describe, explain, predict, or prescribe nursing care
Nursing theory
Based on data obtained from current research
Science of Nursing
Stems from a nurse's experience and the unique caring relationship that a nurse develops with a patient
Art of Nursing
Enhance communication and accountability for patient care
Nursing theory
What contains a set of concepts, definitions, and assumptions or propositions that explain a phenomenon
Theory
The term, description, or label given to describe an idea or responses about an event, a situation, a process, a group of events or a group of situations
Phenomenon
Examples of phenomena of nursing
Self-care, and patient responses to stess
Words or phrases that identify, define, and establish structure and boundaries for ideas generated about a particular phenomena
Concepts
What do theories use to communicate meaning?
Concepts
Theories use this to communicate the general meaning of the concepts of a theory
Definitions
Theoretical/Conceptual definition
Define a particualr concept like what can be found in a dictionary, based on the theorists perspective
Operational Definition
State how concepts are measured
Explain the nature of concepts, definitions, purpose, relationships, and structure of a theory
Assumptions
Accepted as truths, and are based on values and beliefs and are taken for ganted
Assumptions
The perspective or territory of a profession or discipline
Domain
Provides the subject, central concepts, values and beliefs, phenomena of interest, and central problems of a discipline
Domain
The knowledge of nursing practice and nursing history, nursing theory, education and research
Domain
Gives nurses a comprehensive perspective that allows you to identify and treat patient's health in all settings
Domain
Pattern of beliefs used to describe the domain of a discipline
Paradigm
Links the concepts, theories, beliefs, values, and assumptions accepted and applied by the discipline
Paradigm
Provides a way too organize major concepts and visualize the relationship among phenomena
Conceptual Framework
Allows nurses to understand and explain what nursing is, what nursing does, and why nurses do what they do
Nursing Metaparadigm
Intend to answer the question "What is nursing?" and focus on the whole of nursing vs a specific type of nursing
Grand theory
Does not provide guidance for specific nursing interventions, but rather general, global ideas about nursing
Grand theory
Address the nursing metaparadigm components of person, nursing, health and environment
Grand theory
Focuses on a concept found in a specific field of nursing instead a wide variety of nursing care situations
Middle-range theor
Focuses on a specific patient population at a specific time, narrow in scope
Practice Theory
First level of theory development
Descriptive theory
Help to explain patient assessments
Descriptive theory
Address nursing interventions for a phenomenon, guide practice change and predict the consequences
Perspective theory
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