33 terms
smith World History Chapter 5 - Rome
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Punic Wars
The series of 3 wars between Rome and Carthage, in the second Hannibal of Carthage almost conquered Rome, but the Romans pulled through and ended up conquering Carthage in the third Punic war, therefore eliminating their largest military and trade rival, solidifying their dominance of the mederteranean
Messiah
the Jewish savior sent by God to save the people. Christians believe that the messiah came in Jesus, but the Jewish people still await the coming messiah
Jesus
The Christian messiah who came during the rule of Augustus
St. Paul
One on Jesus' disciples who helped spread christianity in Rome
Constantine
Roman emperor who brought about reforms, released the Edict of Milan and moved the capital of the empire from Rome to a new city in the east which he named Constantinople.
Patrician
In ancient Rome, a member of the privileged upper class.
Plebian
an ordinary citizen in the ancient Roman republic
Julius Ceasar
Roman general and statesman whose dictatorship was pivotal in Rome's transition from republic to empire, a coup ended his regin
Augustus
(63 BCE - 14 CE) First emperor of Rome (27 BCE - 14 CE) He restored order and prosperity to the Empire after nearly a century of turmoil. Grandnephew to Julius Caesar.
Census
To keep track pf taxes
Diocletian
(245-313) Emperor of Rome who was responsible for dividing Rome into different provinces and districts. Eventually, the eastern portions of the Empire became known as the Byzantine Empire.
Polis
city-state
Tragedies
Plays that told stories of human suffering that usually ended in disaster
Comedies
Humorous plays that mocked people or customs
dictator
A dictator is a political leader who wields absolute power. A state ruled by a dictator is called a dictatorship. The word originated as the title of a magistrate in the Roman Republic appointed by the Senate to rule the republic in times of emergency
augustine
Augustine of Hippo was an early Christian theologian and philosopher whose writings influenced the development of Western Christianity and Western philosophy. He was the bishop of Hippo Regius, located in Numidia
imperialism
a policy of extending a country's power and influence through diplomacy or military force
ptolemy
Alexandrian astronomer who proposed a geocentric system of astronomy
mercenaries
soldiers from a different country, work for money
legion
A Roman legion was the largest unit of the Roman army involving from 3000 men in early times to over 5200 men in imperial times
augustus
Augustus was the founder of the Roman Principate and considered the first Roman emperor,
martyrs
a person who is killed because of their religious or other beliefs.
three cultural diffusions that the Romans adopted from the Etruscans
alphabet, to use the arch in construction, Etruscan engineering techniques
how the roman empire was structured
the people chose some of the officials, the senate made the laws
the laws of the twelve tablets
they made it possible for the first time for plebeians to appeal a judgment handed down by a patrician judge
the difference between the patricians and plebeians
the patricians are the upper class, plebeians are the lower class
how the roman soldiers were paid and how they were kept from showing fear
by a share of the spoils of victory, if they fled from battle, one out of every ten men from the unit will be put to death
the origin of Chirstianity
the followers of Jesus Christ believe him to be the king of all man, the Romans didn't like that and had he killed, but is said the Jesus came back the dead
how did Christianity spread in Rome
the followers of Jesus were spread out through out the empire, the missionaries Paul and peter helped spread it.
How was the Greco-Roman civilization formed?
-The Romans borrowed heavily from the Greek Culture after they conquered Greece
-Roman generals carried achievements of Roman civilization
-The blending of the Roman, Hellenistic, and Greek tradition produced Greco-Roman Civilization.
-Roman generals carried achievements of Roman civilization
-The blending of the Roman, Hellenistic, and Greek tradition produced Greco-Roman Civilization.
senate members
300
what did the senate do
The senate gives out the land
how long did they serve
for life