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Chapter 18 Vocab S.S.

Terms in this set (17)

import-substitution led industrialization
an economic policy of replacing certain imported goods with a country's own manufactured goods
Liberation Theology
the belief, common in Latin America in the late 1900s, that the Roman Catholic Church should be active in the struggle for economic and political equality
Fidel Castro
(1926-) Communist political leader of Cuba; he helped overthrow the Cuban government in 1959 and seized control of the country, exercising total control of the government and economy.
Che Guevara
(1928-1967) Argentinean revolutionary leader; he was an aide to Fidel Castro during the Cuban revolution.
Sandinistas
Marxist group who led the revolution against the dictator of Nicaragua and then ruled the country from 1979 to 1990
junta
a group of leaders who rule jointly
Contras
rebels seeking to overthrow Nicaragua's Sandinista government in the 1980s; financed by the United States
Juan Peron
(1895-1974) President of Argentina from 1946 to 1955 and again from 1973 to 1974; he rose to power following a military coup d'état and was a supporter of the rights of the people.
populist
a supporter of the rights of the common people as opposed to the privileged elite
hyperinflation
an extremely high level of inflation that grows rapidly in a short period of time
Augusto Pinochet
(1915-2006) President and dictator of Chile from 1973 to 1990; he planned and carried out a coup of Salvador Allende's government in Chile.
Manuel Noriega
(1938-) Panamanian general and dictator; he brutally crushed his enemies and used the country as a base for drug smuggling.
Shining Path
guerrilla group in Peru that terrorized the countryside in the 1980s and 1990s
Violetta Chamarro
(1929-) President of Nicaragua from 1990 to 1997; she was the first woman to govern a Central American nation.
North American Free Trade Agreement--NAFTA
a free trade agreement that eliminated tariffs on trade between Mexico, the United States, and Canada
Vicente Fox
(1942-) Mexican political leader and president of Mexico; he was the first democratically elected opposition candidate in Mexico's history.
Hugo Chavez
(1954-) Venezuelan political leader and president; he set out to eliminate poverty in his country, but his methods of doing so tended to turn his country away from democracy and toward a dictatorship.
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