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ESL Praxis: Phonology

Terms in this set (9)

What sounds in English are problematic for ELLs?
/r/ is problematic for Spanish speakers because they have two /r/s
/k/ has 2 allophonic variations (keep cool)
/sh/ and /ch/ in English, but only /sh/ in Spanish ex: teacher could sound like t-shirt
/t/ has 6 allophonic variations which involve physical differences
/d/ and /th/ are two different sounds in English, but only one /d/ in Spanish
What common intonation (rise and fall of pitch in our voices) and stress patterns in English?
Intensifiers and stressed (indeed, utterly, absolute).
Tonic stress can be found in a content word in utterance final position (I'm going; She is going to London).
New information stress (response to wh- questions).
Vowels and stressed
Common intonation occurs in questions.
What common intonation occurs in questions?
Fall (Falling tone): sense of finality in the statement, exclamation, answer to a ?
Low rise (Rising tone): asking a genuine yes/no question
Final Rising Pitch: Yes/no question
Final Falling Pitch: a Wh-question
What types of utterances have a rising intonation pattern?
Yes/ no questions
Repetition, clarifications.
What types of activities can help identify stress patterns in English?
The promotion of reading engaging, authentic texts.
Language games, songs, and rhymes.
Student dictation that the teacher writes down as a story; overall development of subconscious graphophonic knowledge through rhymes and fun texts that include certain phonics patterns.
How can you apply knowledge of phonetics to help ESOL students?
If a students is struggling with a phomeme, I can tell and show the student where and how the phoneme is produced. I can understand a student's error in spelling by knowing where these sounds are produced. I would teach phoemic awareness skills, names and sounds of letters, phonics rules, sight words, they could produce writing (be aware of sounds, and how they connect to letters).
What types of activities can help ESL students minitor and improve their proficiency in English pronunciation?
Teacher read-alouds help improve proficiency in pronunciation. Attention to student writing and spelling mistakes helps teacher identify students' errors regarding proficiency in pronunciation. I would develop activies that teach language through academic content and organize curriculum around themes (Sustained Content Language Teaching).
Involve students with meaningful language.
What is Sustained Content Language Teaching?
Activities that are developed to teach language through academic content and organize curriculum around themes.
What kinds of words most frequently occur in a reduced form in natural speech?
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