Disorders

Terms in this set (26)

psychopathology
maladaptive, disruptive or uncomfortable patterns affecting self and others.
abnormal
Deviant, unusual behavior patterns, especially with respect to thinking
Note: "eccentric" is abnormal; loud and obnoxious is abnormal, etc.
subjective distress
Sufficient, but not necessary mental state of disordered emotions.
statistical infrequency
A common occurrence cannot be considered to be pathologically abnormal.
A problem? Things that are infrequent but not pathological...
norm violation
Cultural rules v. bizarre, unusual and sufficiently disturbing behavior
personal suffering
Synonymous with subjective distress but not completely...
Who suffers more, the individual or others?
The individual ALWAYS "suffers."
the practical approach
context and consequence
impaired functioning
Does the behavior prevent or cause difficulty in fulfilling social roles?
earliest thinking
Possession by gods or demons
Either innocent victims of spirits, moral deviants suffering supernatural punishment.
next phase
scientific method, actual testing
current approach
biopsychosocial model
diathesis stress model
Predisposition X precipitating "trigger"
DSM
Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders
What all disorders have in common
A representative, reflective set of symptoms
The symptoms sets are blurry, fuzzy-edged
Results of creation of DSM:
Standardization
Constant revisiting, reconsideration.
Adding and removing disorders.
formal definition of anxiety disorders
a common emotion involving physical symptoms, future-oriented thoughts, and escape or avoidance behaviors.
anxiety
Direct, inseparable link between cognition and physical response systems
Main culprit is the sympathetic nervous system
Physical symptoms
Negative cognitions/subjective distress
Escape or avoidance behaviors
the anxiety-based or related list
Panic attacks
Agoraphobia
Generalized Anxiety Disorder
Obsessive-compulsive disorder
PTSD
Trichotillomania, arachnophobia, etc. (related to O/C disorders)
Somatoform, Dissociative, & Factitious disorders
Somatization (somatoform) disorders
Symptoms - no cause.
Most common symptom? Pain.
Conversion disorders.
"pseudoneurological" complaints/symptoms, i.e. motor or sensory dysfunction.
Body dysmorphic disorders
Dissociative Disorders
Amnesia, Fugue, and Identity
Mood disorders
Adjustment Disorders v. Mood Disorders
The main formal disorders:
Major depression
Dysthymia
Bipolar disorder
Diagnostic dichotomy
Biological (biochemical imbalance)
Psychological
eating disorders
Anorexia nervosa
Bulimia nervosa
Pica
Major issue? Comorbidity.
Major complication? Addiction or habit.
gender and sexual disorders
Mostly revolve around sexual performance issues.
Arousal disorders
Pain disorders
Desire disorders
Orgasmic disorders
Premature ejaculation
disorders of childhood and adolescence
Learning disabilities
Attention deficit - hyperactivity
Intellectual disability
Retardation
Down's Syndrome
Pervasive developmental disability
Autism spectrum disorders
Asperger's syndrome
Oppositional defiant disorder
psychotic disorders
Schizophrenia
Disorganized thoughts
Brief psychotic disorder
Shared psychotic disorder
Schizoaffective disorder
aging and cognitive disorders
Depression & anxiety
Dementias & Alzheimer's: same thing?
Variety of potential causes:
Head trauma
Vascular
Diseases...
Huntington's, Parkinson's,
Substance induced or substance abuse
treatments
Extremely wide range of treatments
Medications
Depression to schizophrenia
Inpatient - day treatment - traditional therapies
Psychoanalysis - contemporary psychodynamic - behavioral and cognitive behavioral
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