Disorders

Terms in this set (26)

psychopathology

maladaptive, disruptive or uncomfortable patterns affecting self and others.

Deviant, unusual behavior patterns, especially with respect to thinking
Note: "eccentric" is abnormal; loud and obnoxious is abnormal, etc.

subjective distress

Sufficient, but not necessary mental state of disordered emotions.

statistical infrequency

A common occurrence cannot be considered to be pathologically abnormal.
A problem? Things that are infrequent but not pathological...

Cultural rules v. bizarre, unusual and sufficiently disturbing behavior

personal suffering

Synonymous with subjective distress but not completely...
Who suffers more, the individual or others?
The individual ALWAYS "suffers."

the practical approach

context and consequence

impaired functioning

Does the behavior prevent or cause difficulty in fulfilling social roles?

earliest thinking

Possession by gods or demons
Either innocent victims of spirits, moral deviants suffering supernatural punishment.

scientific method, actual testing

current approach

biopsychosocial model

diathesis stress model

Predisposition X precipitating "trigger"

Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders

What all disorders have in common

A representative, reflective set of symptoms
The symptoms sets are blurry, fuzzy-edged

Results of creation of DSM:

Standardization
Constant revisiting, reconsideration.
Adding and removing disorders.

formal definition of anxiety disorders

a common emotion involving physical symptoms, future-oriented thoughts, and escape or avoidance behaviors.

Direct, inseparable link between cognition and physical response systems
Main culprit is the sympathetic nervous system
Physical symptoms
Negative cognitions/subjective distress
Escape or avoidance behaviors

the anxiety-based or related list

Panic attacks
Agoraphobia
Generalized Anxiety Disorder
Obsessive-compulsive disorder
PTSD
Trichotillomania, arachnophobia, etc. (related to O/C disorders)

Somatoform, Dissociative, & Factitious disorders

Somatization (somatoform) disorders
Symptoms - no cause.
Most common symptom? Pain.
Conversion disorders.
"pseudoneurological" complaints/symptoms, i.e. motor or sensory dysfunction.
Body dysmorphic disorders
Dissociative Disorders
Amnesia, Fugue, and Identity

Adjustment Disorders v. Mood Disorders
The main formal disorders:
Major depression
Dysthymia
Bipolar disorder
Diagnostic dichotomy
Biological (biochemical imbalance)
Psychological

eating disorders

Anorexia nervosa
Bulimia nervosa
Pica
Major issue? Comorbidity.
Major complication? Addiction or habit.

gender and sexual disorders

Mostly revolve around sexual performance issues.
Arousal disorders
Pain disorders
Desire disorders
Orgasmic disorders
Premature ejaculation

disorders of childhood and adolescence

Learning disabilities
Attention deficit - hyperactivity
Intellectual disability
Retardation
Down's Syndrome
Pervasive developmental disability
Autism spectrum disorders
Asperger's syndrome
Oppositional defiant disorder

psychotic disorders

Schizophrenia
Disorganized thoughts
Brief psychotic disorder
Shared psychotic disorder
Schizoaffective disorder

aging and cognitive disorders

Depression & anxiety
Dementias & Alzheimer's: same thing?
Variety of potential causes:
Head trauma
Vascular
Diseases...
Huntington's, Parkinson's,
Substance induced or substance abuse

Extremely wide range of treatments
Medications
Depression to schizophrenia
Inpatient - day treatment - traditional therapies
Psychoanalysis - contemporary psychodynamic - behavioral and cognitive behavioral

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