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Skeletal System

Terms in this set (80)

Acetabulum
the cup-shaped socket in the hip bone
Allogenic
involving, derived from, or being individuals of the same species that are sufficiently unlike genetically to interact antigenically
ankyl/o
stiff joint
Ankylosing Spondylitis
a chronic inflammatory disease that affects the spine and sacroiliac joints and often other joints (as of the shoulder) and that is marked by pain and stiffness
arthr/o
joint
Arthralgia
pain in one or more joints
Arthrodesis
the surgical immobilization of a joint so that the bones grow solidly together
Arthrolysis
surgical restoration of mobility to an ankylosed joint
Arthroscopy
a minimally invasive surgical procedure involving visual examination of the interior of a joint with an arthroscope to diagnose or treat various conditions or injuries of a joint and especially to repair or remove damaged or diseased tissue or bone
Autologous
derived from the same individual
burs/o
sac
carp/o
wrist
cervic/o
neck
chondr/o
cartilage
Chondroma
a benign tumor containing the structural elements of cartilage
Chondromalacia
abnormal softness of cartilage
Comminuted Fracture
A break in a bone with more than two pieces
Compression Fracture
fracture (as of a vertebra) caused by compression of one bone against another
condyle
smooth, rounded portion at the end of a bone
cortic/o
outer portion
Costochondritis
a condition of unknown origin that is characterized by inflammation of costochondral cartilage (also known as Tietze's Syndrome)
Craniostenosis
malformation of the skull caused by premature closure of the cranial sutures
Crepitation
a grating or crackling sound or sensation (as that produced by the fractured ends of a bone moving against each other or as that in tissues affected with gas gangrene)
diaphysis
shaft of bone
epiphysis
widen end of bone
fissure
a slit type opening
foramen
smooth, round opening within a bone for nerves and blood vessels
Fossa
shallow cavity or depression on the side of a bone
Hallux Valgus
an abnormal deviation of the big toe away from the midline of the body or toward the other toes of the foot that is associated especially with the wearing of ill-fitting shoes
head
large, smooth, ball-shaped end on a long bone
Hemarthrosis
hemorrhage into a joint
Hemopoiesis
the formation of blood or of blood cells in the living body
Internal Fixation
Plates, screws, nails, or other devices placed on a bone to hold it in place
kyph/o
hump
Kyphosis
exaggerated outward curvature of the thoracic region of the spinal column resulting in a rounded upper back
Laminectomy
surgical removal of the posterior arch of a vertebra (as to relieve compression of a spinal nerve root)
lord/o
bent backwards
Lordosis
the normal convex curvature of the cervical and lumbar regions of the spine
Lumbago
acute or chronic pain (as that caused by muscle strain) in the lower back
Malleolus
an expanded projection or process at the distal end of the fibula or tibia at the level of the ankle
Manubrium
an anatomical process or part shaped like a handle
Metacarpals
of, relating to, or being the metacarpus or a metacarpal
Metatarsals
of, relating to, or being the part of the human foot or of the hind foot in quadrupeds between the tarsus and the phalanges that in humans comprises five elongated bones which form the front of the instep and ball of the foot
myel/o
bone marrow
Myeloma
a primary tumor of the bone marrow formed of any one of the bone marrow cells (as myelocytes or plasma cells) and usually involving several different bones at the same time
Open Fracture
a broken bone which pentrates the skin
orth/o
straight
Orthotics
a branch of mechanical and medical science that deals with the support and bracing of weak or ineffective joints or muscles
oste/o
bone
Osteitis
inflammation of bone
Osteoarthritis
a common form of arthritis typically with onset during middle or old age that is characterized by progressive degenerative changes in the cartilage of one or more joints (as of the knees, hips, and hands) accompanied by thickening and overgrowth of adjacent bone and that is marked symptomatically chiefly by stiffness, swelling, pain, deformation of joints, and loss of range of motion
Osteochondroma
a benign tumor containing both bone and cartilage and usually occurring near the end of a long bone
Osteoclasis
the breaking of a bone as a step in the correction of a deformity
Osteomalacia
a disease of adults that is characterized by softening of the bones and is analogous to rickets in the young
Osteomyelitis
an infectious usually painful inflammatory disease of bone that is often of bacterial origin and may result in death of bone tissue
Osteonecrosis
necrosis of bone
Osteopenia
reduction in bone volume to below normal levels especially due to inadequate replacement of bone lost to normal lysis
Osteoporosis
a condition that affects especially older women and is characterized by decrease in bone mass with decreased density and enlargement of bone spaces producing porosity and brittleness
Osteorraphy
suture of the bone
Paget's Disease
a rare form of breast cancer initially manifested as a scaly red rash on the nipple and areola
Pathologic Fracture
a fracture of a bone weakened by disease
Periostitis
inflammation of the periosteum
Phalanges
any of the digital bones of the hand or foot distal to the metacarpus or metatarsus of a vertebrate that in humans are three to each finger and toe with the exception of the thumb and big toe which have only two each
pod/o
foot
Podiatry
the medical care and treatment of the human foot
Prosthesis
an artificial device to replace or augment a missing or impaired part of the body
Rheumatoid Arthritis
a usually chronic disease that is considered an autoimmune disease and is characterized especially by pain, stiffness, inflammation, swelling, and sometimes destruction of joints
Rickets
a deficiency disease that affects the young during the period of skeletal growth, is characterized especially by soft and deformed bones, and is caused by failure to assimilate and use calcium and phosphorus normally due to inadequate sunlight or vitamin D
Scoliosis
a lateral curvature of the spine
sinus
hollow cavity within a bone
Spina Bifida
a neural tube defect marked by congenital cleft of the spinal column usually with hernial protrusion of the meninges and sometimes the spinal cord
Spiral Fracture
A fracture which occurs when a rotating force is applied along the length of a bone
spondyl/o
vertebrae
Spondylolisthesis
forward displacement of a lumbar vertebra on the one below it and especially of the fifth lumbar vertebra on the sacrum producing pain by compression of nerve roots
Spondylosis
any of various degenerative diseases of the spine
Subluxation
partial dislocation (as of one of the bones in a joint)
Synovectomy
surgical removal of a synovial membrane
tars/o
ankle
uln/o
ulna
Vertebrae
any of the bony or cartilaginous segments that make up the spinal column
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