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Argumentative Fallacies

Terms in this set (16)

Scare Tactics
Exaggerating the dangers of a certain topic or argument
Either/Or (Black or White)
Implying that a subject only has one or the other outcomes.
Slippery Slope
A conclusion based on the premise that if A happens, then eventually through a series of small steps, through B, C,..., X, Y, Z will happen, too, basically equating A and Z. So, if we don't want Z to occur, A must not be allowed to occur either.
Overly Sentimental Appeal
The overuse of emotions to persuade the audience.
Bandwagon Appeals
"If everyone does this, I must do it!"
Appeals to False Authority
"4 out of 5 dentists agree that global warming is a hoax."
Dogmatism
Assuming that one outcome is the only one.
Ad Hominem
Attacking the person instead of the argument
Stacking the Deck
Showing only one side of the argument and benefits the presenter's claim.
Hasty Generalization
A conclusion based on insufficient or biased evidence.
Faulty Causality
Because one thing happens, then another, they have the same cause.
Begging the Question/Circular Reasoning
"X shouldn't be y because x isn't y."
Equivocation
Half-truths that give false appearance of honesty.
Non-Sequitur
Claims, reasons, or warrants that don't connect logically.
Straw Man (Person)
Attacking of an argument that isn't there or a similar argument because it is easier to counter than the argument presented.
Faulty Analogy
Inaccurate comparisons between objects or concepts
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