Argumentative Fallacies

Terms in this set (16)

Exaggerating the dangers of a certain topic or argument

Either/Or (Black or White)

Implying that a subject only has one or the other outcomes.

A conclusion based on the premise that if A happens, then eventually through a series of small steps, through B, C,..., X, Y, Z will happen, too, basically equating A and Z. So, if we don't want Z to occur, A must not be allowed to occur either.

Overly Sentimental Appeal

The overuse of emotions to persuade the audience.

Bandwagon Appeals

"If everyone does this, I must do it!"

Appeals to False Authority

"4 out of 5 dentists agree that global warming is a hoax."

Assuming that one outcome is the only one.

Attacking the person instead of the argument

Stacking the Deck

Showing only one side of the argument and benefits the presenter's claim.

Hasty Generalization

A conclusion based on insufficient or biased evidence.

Faulty Causality

Because one thing happens, then another, they have the same cause.

Begging the Question/Circular Reasoning

"X shouldn't be y because x isn't y."

Half-truths that give false appearance of honesty.

Claims, reasons, or warrants that don't connect logically.

Straw Man (Person)

Attacking of an argument that isn't there or a similar argument because it is easier to counter than the argument presented.

Inaccurate comparisons between objects or concepts

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