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Evolution

Terms in this set (37)

Lamarck's theory of evolution
Special changing during lifetime, useless body parts disappear
Darwin's theory of evolution
Natural selection, favourable traits in offspring, fine-tuning over generations
Finches experienced speciation from isolation, differed from each other over time
Natural Selection
If one variety of organism has different survival rate to another, then it will survive and reproduce at a faster rate. The better surviving and reproducing variety then becomes most common.
Survival of the fittest
Variation
Differences that exist within populations of organisms
Isolation
Populations are split and barriers prevent cross-breeding
Division of a population into two groups
Selection pressures
Limits to survival- those fittest will survive
Survival of the fittest
Survival advantages creates a greater frequency of gene flow
Survival advantage
Attributes which makes an organism better suited to its environment
Artificial selection
Humans selecting traits and breeding organisms to suit a purpose
Seen on farms, dog breeds
Mutation
Mistake in a genetic code creating variation within a population
Important for natural selection to occur as allows for a change in attributes which offers survival advantages to changing environment
Changes that occur at DNA level which may add, delete or rearrange genetic material
Species
An organism that can produce fertil offspring
How new species can evolve
Isolation, different environmental pressures, adaptation through natural selection, differentiation, when populations can no longer interbreed
Gene pool
Total genes within a population
Frequencies
Rate of occurrence of genes within a population
Gene flow
exchange of genes between two separate populations
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