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Patho: Exam 3

Terms in this set (30)

Which of the following substances provides the majority of the fuel needs of the neurologic system?
Glucose
Which of the following clients may be experiencing the effects of neuropathic pain?
A man with pain secondary to his poorly controlled diabetes
The nurse is providing client education to a client newly diagnosed with Parkinson's disease. The nurse most accurately describes the disease progression:
Parkinson's is a chronic condition and treatment aims to manage symptoms.
A nurse caring for a patient in myasthenic crisis identifies a priority concern as:
maintenance of airway and respiration.
A client has been diagnosed with Guillain-Barre syndrome and is being treated in the intensive care unit. The client is experiencing rapidly ascending paralysis. What is the nurse's priority intervention when caring for this client?
Maintenance of the client's airway
What disease results from the degeneration of the dopamine nigrostriatal system of the basal ganglia?
Parkinson disease
A client has just been diagnosed with multiple sclerosis (MS). The nurse recognizes that the client's condition is a result of:
An immune-mediated response that is caused by the demyelinization of the myelin sheath of the white matter of the brain, spinal cord, and optic nerve
Restoration of the integrity of myelin sheaths would likely result in a slowing or stopping of the progression of:
Multiple sclerosis (MS)
The most common cause of ischemic stroke is:
thrombosis.
Which of the following pain disorders is a manifestation of a disruption of cranial nerve function?
Trigeminal neuralgia
The most common forms of peptic ulcer are duodenal and gastric ulcers. Which of the following are the most common risk factors for peptic ulcer disease?
Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori)
In patients with acute diarrhea, many require no treatment. However, the nurse knows the priority assessment in all patients with diarrhea is which of the following?
Fluid and electrolyte status
The liver has many jobs. One of the most important functions of the liver is to cleanse the portal blood of old and defective blood cells, bacteria in the bloodstream, and any foreign material. Which cells in the liver are capable of removing bacteria and foreign material from the portal blood?
Kupffer cells
The nurse is caring for a female client with cholelithiasis. When teaching the client about the disease, the nurse includes which of these points?
"Gallstones have developed, which are typically composed of cholesterol."
When assessing the client with acute pancreatitis, which of these diagnostic tests, consistent with the disease, does the nurse anticipate will be altered?
Amylase and lipase
When assessing a client with acute cholecystitis, the nurse anticipates the client's report of pain will be consistent with which of these descriptions?
Pain in the right upper quadrant referred to the same shoulder
A 55 year-old man has been diagnosed with a gastroesophageal reflux disease GERD, in which the function of his lower esophageal sphincter is compromised. Which of the following consequences of this condition is most likely?
Protrusion of the stomach or regurgitation of stomach contents into the esophagus.
A client has been diagnosed with cholecystitis (gallbladder inflammation) that has impaired the normal release of bile. Which of the following gastrointestinal consequences is this client likely to experience?
Impaired digestion of fats
A client tells the nurse that he is concerned about developing hepatitis after being exposed to contaminated feces, saliva, and food. The nurse is aware that the client is at risk for:
Hepatitis A
When caring for the client with acute pancreatitis, which of these alterations does the nurse recognize is consistent with the disease?
Hyperglycemia
What term describes an injury to the soft tissue of the body?
Contusion
The nurse is caring for a client who states that he is suddenly having severe pain at a leg fracture site. The nurse notes increased swelling in the limb and difficulty palpating a pulse. The nurse suspects that the client may have which of the following?
Compartment syndrome
A nurse is teaching a patient diagnosed with osteoarthritis about the joint capsule. Which of the following statements made by the patient indicates that teaching was successful?
"The synovial fluid in my joint capsule acts as a lubricant and helps the movement of the joint's articulating surfaces."
The nurse recognizes that parathyroid Hormone (PTH) has what relationship to bone formation?
PTH is a regulator of calcium and phosphate.
While discussing hormonal control of bone formation, one should note that which hormone lowers blood calcium levels and decreases bone resorption?
Calcitonin
A patient is admitted to the hospital with second degree burns over 30% of the body. Which is a characteristic of second degree burns?
They involve the dermis and the epidermis.
Which of the following clinical manifestations would lead the health care provider to diagnose the sunburn as severe?
There is blistering of the skin and associated fever and chills.
The emergency department physician explains to the nurse that the trauma client has a subluxation injury of the shoulder. The nurse understands this injury is a type of which of the following?
Dislocation
A client is admitted to the emergency department with a muscle strain to the back. What is an appropriate statement for the nurse to make to this client?
"A strain is a stretching injury. You need to rest your back."
The client develops osteomyelitis that has originated from infectious organisms that reach the bone through the bloodstream. This is known as which type of osteomyelitis?
Hematogenous
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