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Terms in this set (15)

A size term denoting particles, regardless of mineral composition, with diameter less than two microns.

The group of processes whereby earth or rock material is worn away, loosened, or dissolved and removed from any part of the earth's surface.

A layer of soil, approximately parallel to the surface, having distinct characteristics produced by soil-forming processes.

Internal drainage

The relative degree of downward movement of water in a soil. Also called permeability.

Soil that consists of less than 52 percent sand, 28 to 50 percent silt, and 7 to 27 percent clay, resulting in a soil texture ideal for gardening.

Matter found in, or produced by, living animals and plants, which contains carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, and often nitrogen and sulfur.

A unit of soil structure such as an aggregate, crumb, prism, block, or granule, formed by natural processes (in contrast with a clod, which is formed artificially by compression of a wet clay soil).

The capacity of soil or rock for transmitting a fluid. Degree of permeability depends upon the size and shape of the pores, the size, and shape of their interconnections, and the extent of the latter.

Refers to the extent of voids or openings in the soil that exist between soil particles and soil peds or clods. These pores hold water and air for absorption by plant roots. About half of soil volume which is in a good physical condition for plant growth is pore space.

In soil science, a group of textural classes in which the particles are finer than gravel but coarser than silt, ranging in size from 2.00 to 0.5 millimeters in diameter. It is the textural class of any soil that contains 85 percent or more of sand and not more than 10 percent of clay.

A textural class of soils that contains 80 percent or more of silt and less than 12 percent clay.

The mineral and organic surface of the earth capable of supporting upland plants. It has been (and is being) formed by the active factors of climate and biosphere exerting their influence on passive parent material and topography over neutral time.

A vertical section of a soil. The section, or face of an exposure made by a cut, may exhibit with depth a succession of separate layers although these may not be separated by sharp lines of demarcation.

The arrangement of primary soil particles into compound particles or aggregates that are separated from adjoining aggregates.

The relative portions of sand, silt, and clay particles in a mass of soil.