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Copyright Vocabulary

Terms in this set (27)

Public Domain
materials that are not protected by copyright law that can be used by the public without permission or payment
Plagiarism
"stealing" someone else's work and pretending it's yours
Piracy
term used when music, movies and software are copied and "burned" illegally
Intellectual Property
original work protected by copyright law
Hacking
accessing someone's computer without permission regardless of the activity or intent
Fair Use
using a copyrighted work based on: 1) The purpose and character of the use - is it is for commercial or for nonprofit educational purposes, 2) the nature of the copyright work, 3) the amount used in relation to the copyrighted work as a whole, 4) the effect of the use upon the potential market for or value of the copyrighted work.
Copyright
The exclusive right given by law for a certain term of years to print, publish and sell copies of his original work. It generally lasts for the life of the author plus 70 years.
Attribution
To give credit to the creator of the image or other content.
Freeware
Software that is given away free of charge, but whose author still retains all rights.
Shareware
Copyrighted software distributed free of charge on a trial basis with payment by the honor system.
Ethics
the principles of right and wrong that guide an individual in making decisions
Derivative work
An alternative version of a copyrighted work
Fixation
One of three requirements for copyright protection; the other two are that the work must embody some "expression" of the author, and the work must be "original," not copied from another work.
Publication
The distribution of copies or phonorecords to the public by sale or other transfer of ownership, or by rental, lease, or lending.
TEACH Act
The Technology, Education and Copyright Harmonization Act redefines the terms and conditions on which educational institutions may use copyright protected materials in distance education.
Trademark
A word or symbol used to identify a product or service in the marketplace.
Permission
A consent to use a work, usually by reprinting or reproducing it in some other work. Permissions are actually non-exclusive licenses to use a work in a specified way.
DMCA/Digital Millennium Copyright Act - 1996
"comprehensive reform" of U.S. Copyright Law. Addresses copyright issues presented by emerging digital media environment. "Key among the topics included in the DMCA are provisions concerning the circumvention of copyright protection.
Consumer Broadband and Digital Promotion Act of 2002
Makes it a criminal act to circumvent technology used to protect copyrights.
Commercial Reuse
The image may be reused for profit. Images labeled for commercial reuse are appropriate to use on blogs and web sites available to the public on the Internet.
Commons
When this term is used, it normally indicates a repository for material with no known copyright restrictions. (Flickr Commons is an example.)
Creative Commons
A non-profit organization that promotes the creative reuse of intellectual works, whether owned or in the public domain, through the use of licenses that define the rights copyright holders choose to retain and those uses that made be made of copyrighted works without the prior permission of the copyright holder.
Distribution
The right of the copyright holder to make the works available to the public by sale, rental, lease or lending. (A practical example, a student using an image (properly cited) in a PowerPoint presentation in class has made one "distribution" under Fair Use of the image. If he puts the image on his web site, that would be considered multiple distributions and a violation of copyright.)
Flickr Commons
an area of the Flickr site where photographs with no known copyright restrictions are available for use from major libraries, museums and other well known cultural institutions.
Infringement
The act of violating one or more of a copyright holder's exclusive rights.
Licensing Agreement
Sometimes called usage rights, this is an explanatory contract, which gives the terms and any restrictions by which the images may be used.
No Known Copyright Restrictions
an image could be classified as having "no known copyright restrictions." because 1) The copyright is in the public domain, 2) the copyright owner is not interested in exercising control,
3) copyright owner has legal rights sufficient to authorize others to use the work without restrictions.
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