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medslp test 3

Terms in this set (65)

valleculae
a wedge shaped space found between the base of the tongue and the epiglottis. the space is within folds arising from glossoepiglottic ligaments
Pyriform Sinus
area between the back and sides of the larynx and the back and sides of the pharynx. this is a space, not a structure.
laryngeal vestibule
space or area between the aditus and the ventricular folds.
1. change viscosity
2. only allow certain consistencies
3. modify volume
4. postural changes
Therapy for dysphagia:
oral prepatarory phase
bolus is contained in the anterior region of the oral cavity by actions of the tongue and other structures. anterior tongue depresses and the sides of the tongue elevate to form a cup
the back of the tongue elevates to make contact with the velum to form a back wall that separates the oral from the pharyngeal cavities and helps to ensure that no substance can slip by and into the pulmonary airways.
tipper
most common way is to hold the bolus with the tongue tip contacting the back surface of the incisors with the bolus being held in a supralingual position.
dipper
some people will initially have the bolus beneath the anterior part of the tongue. this circumstance requires the tongue dip below the bolus in order to elevate the bolus above the tongue.
3- 20
duration of time it takes to chew soft - tough
oral transport phase
once the bolus is in the ready position, it is usually transported back toward the pharynx
this is accomplished by elevating the tongue tip and squeezing the bolus against the hard palate
the force used to propel the bolus varies with bolus viscosity
at the same time, the velum begins to elevate and the pharyngeal wall begin to constrict
oral transport phase
usually short, lasting less than .5 seconds
Pharyngeal transport phase
"triggered" when the bolus passes the anterior faucial pillars
events happen rapidly to move the bolus quickly through the pharynx while protecting the airway
the velopharyngeal port is closed forcefully to prohibit passage of substances into the nasopharynx.
hyoid and larynx move upward and forward
1. the epiglottis folds over as the first line of defense against substances entering the larynx and pulmonary pathways.
2. the ventricular folds close tightly
3. the vocal folds close tightly
4. arytenoids are pulled together to close off airway
the larynx closes off very tightly using specific seals:
pharyngeal transport phase
the tongue root moves backwards and the pharyngeal walls constrict to "squeeze" the bolus toward the esophogus
the bolus often divides at the epiglottis and travels down the left and right pyriform sinus or the bolus may travel down one side
the final step is the opening of the upper esophogeal sphincter to allow the passage of the bolus in the the esophogus
it is short (.5 sec) and is characterized by a series of actions that move the bolus quickly through the pharynx and, at the same time, protect the pulmonary airways from invasion by substances
esophogeal transport phase
begins when the bolus enters the upper esophogeal spincter and ends when it passes into the stomach thru lower esophogeal spincter.
may last 8-20 seconds
1. check for glasses
2. ask how long it has been since they have had their vision checked
3. ask if the patient has noticed changes in vision
4. ask the patient if they are having trouble seeing the pictures
5. if mistakes are made on the tests using visual stimuli, be aware they may be due to problems with visual acuity
6. if you suspect that their may be a problem with visual acuity, you can use your ingenuity to try to assess their visual acuity or recommend that they have an eye exam
checking visual acuity:
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