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DUTEC 120-Adnexal Pathology

Terms in this set (33)

PID occurs in __% of women during their reproductive years
11%; 1 million a year
Most common infections that will cause PID
Gonorrhea and chlamydia
Frequent douching, hx of STDs, early sexual activity, multiple partners causes...
PID!
Fitz-Hugh-Curtis sydrome
PID ascended up the right side of the body causing perihepatic inflammation (especially when secondary to gonorrhea)
Sexually transmitted PID is spread via the _______ through the cervix into the uterus
Mucosa
Probs caused by PID
Endometritis, acute salpingitis, pyosalpinx, oophritis
Symptoms of PID
pelvic pain, RUQ pain, vag discharge, fever, painful intercourse, irregular bleeding, infertility, elevated WBC.......or NONE
Salpingitis
Inflammation of the fallopian tube
Hydrosalpinx
An obstructed tube filled with serous secretions
Hydrosalpinx is associated with _____,______and________
PID, endometriosis and post op adhesions
Pyosalpinx
When the dilated tube becomes infected
Pyosalpinx increases the risk of __________ and _____________
Ectopic pregnancies and recurrent infections
Pyosalpinx clinical presentations
Normal anatomy difficult to visualize, cannot tolerate probe pressure with a full bladder, painful and tender
Tubes are not normally visualized but when patient has ascites tubes may be seen, they should measure less than_____
5mm
Hydrosalpinx may present as
Asymetrical tubes varying in size with echogenic fluid/debris filled dilated tubes
Tubo-ovarian abcess (TOA)
Inflamed edematous serosa adhering to the ovary/other peritoneal structures distorting anatomy.
TOA occurs when the ovary can no longer be separated from the _______________
Inflamed tube
TOA forms when the fused ovary and tube cause
Loculation of pus
Sonographic appearance of a TOA
Complex masses in posterior cul de sac with septations and irregular margins and distortion of pelvic anatomy and posterior enhancement
T/F: TOA is usually unilateral
FALSE: usually bilateral
The gas produced in abcess will be
hyperechoic with comet tail artifact
How are TOAs treated?
With IV antibiotics, tissue removal, drainage
Peritonitis
Inflammation of the peritoneum
Most common cause
Perforation of the viscera
When peritonitis spreads to bladder, ureters,and adnexa it is called
Pelvic peritonitis
Other causes of peritonitis
From genital tract, bloodstream,lymphatics, surgery
Endometriosis
Presence of functional endometrial tissue in abonormal locations
________ is one of the most common gynecological diseases
Endometriosis
Common places for ectopic endometrial tissue
Ovaries, tubes, broad ligament, surface of uterus, bowel or bladder
T/F: most common form of endometriosis is diffuse
TRUE
The localized form of endometriosis is called ______
Endometrioma
Endometriomas are generally asymptomatic but become a surgical emergency when they ______
Rupture or cause ovary to torse
Endometriomas are ______
endeometrium lined collections of blood
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