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Technology and engineering

Terms in this set (26)

Technology
the use of tools and knowledge to produce services or artifacts that manipulates the human exeperience
innovation
comprise new products and processes and significant technological changes of products and processes
invention
involves the discovery of new processes, ideas or tools. ... requires priority, meaning that no one else must have come up with the same (or similar) idea at any previous time
dynamic
Capable of changing or being changed; in a state of flux, not static.
humanities
academic disciplines that study aspects of human society and culture.
primitive conditions
unaffected or little affected by civilizing influences; uncivilized; savage:
civilized conditions
Showing evidence of moral and intellectual advancement; humane, ethical, and reasonable
bronze age
A period of human culture between the Stone Age and the Iron Age, characterized by the use of weapons and implements made through metallurgy
stone age
a broad prehistoric period during which natural material was widely used to make implements with an edge, a point, or a percussion surface.
middle ages
period saw major technological advances, including the adoption of gunpowder, the invention of vertical windmills, spectacles, mechanical clocks, and greatly improved water mills, building techniques (Gothic architecture, medieval castles), and agriculture in general (three-field crop rotation).
renaissance
spawned the Scientific Revolution; science and technology began a cycle of mutual advancement.
industrial revolution
This time period saw the mechanization of agriculture and textile manufacturing and a revolution in power, including steam ships and railroads, that effected social, cultural and economic conditions.
information age
period in human history characterized by the shift from traditional industry that the Industrial Revolution brought through industrialization, to an economy based on information computerization.
obsolete
no longer produced or used; out of date.
emerging
technologies that are currently developing or will be developed over the next five to ten years, and which will substantially alter the business and social environment
private enterprise
business or industry that is managed by independent companies or private individuals rather than by the state.
government-sponsored
quasi-governmental, privately-held entities established to improve, and at times make possible, the flow of credit to specific sectors of the economy or to otherwise provide essential services to the public. GSEs are established by Congress.
cooperation
Firm owned, controlled, and operated by a group of users for their own benefit. Each member contributes equity capital, and shares in the control of the firm on the basis of one-member, one-vote
technological system
sets of interconnected components that transform, store, transport, or control materials, energy, and/or information for particular purposes
R & D
refers to the investigative activities a business conducts to improve existing products and procedures or to lead to the development of new products and procedures.
production
machinery and systems used to perform specific operations on man-made materials to produce durable goods or components
marketing
the action or business of promoting and selling products or services, including market research and advertising.
goals of a system
primary and observational
processes of a system
problem solving/design, production, management
outputs of a system
manufactured products, constructed structures, communicated messages, transported goods/people
Feedback and control
involves using information about the outputs of a process or system to regulate the system
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