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ch 15 med surg

Terms in this set (3)

The two major forms of immunity are innate (natural) and acquired (adaptive).
• T lymphocytes, B lymphocytes, and macrophages are the three major cell types active in acquired immunity.
B lymphocytes produce antibodies. T lymphocytes do not produce antibodies, but assist the B cells. T lymphocytes release lymphokines.
• Macrophages trap, process, and present antigen to T lymphocytes.
Autoimmune disorders are failures of the body's tolerance to "self."
• Plasmapheresis is used to treat autoimmune diseases such as systemic lupus erythematosus, glomerulonephritis, myasthenia gravis, thrombocytopenic purpura, rheumatoid arthritis, and Guillain-Barré syndrome.
Infection is a primary threat to the immunosuppressed patient. Aseptic technique is required when caring for these patients. Good skin care is necessary.
• Careful selection of blood donors and careful typing and crossmatching of blood are important to prevent transfusion reaction.
Early recognition of signs followed by early treatment may decrease the severity of an allergic reaction.
• The five factors influencing the hypersensitivity response are host response to allergen, exposure amount, nature of the allergen, route of allergen entry, and repeated exposure.
Two types of latex allergies are type IV allergic contact dermatitis and type I allergic reactions. Type IV is caused by the chemicals used in the manufacturing of latex gloves, whereas the type I allergic reaction is a response to natural rubber latex proteins.
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