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AP GOV EXAM COLLECTIVE COURT CASES

Terms in this set (67)

Separate but equal is not equal, public schools are desegregated.
Brown v Board of Education
Laws schools are desegregated, separate but equal is not equal
Sweat v Painter
This case set up the exclusionary rule, meaning evidence obtained unconstitutionally cannot be used in a court of law
Mapp v Ohio
Schools are held to a higher standard, and can search students if there is probable cause/reasonable suspicion
New Jersey v TLO
Discriminating based on race in business settings is a violation of the commerce clause
Heart of Atlanta Motel v US
The federal government may pull funding for students if a school is violating title IX of the Civil Rights Act of 1964
Grove City College v Bell
The Blue laws are constitutional, and a state may have a compelling interest in promoting public health
McGowan v Maryland
This case established a citizen's right to counsel (lawyer)
j. Gideon v Wainright
The confrontation clause of the 6th amendment does not always apply in extreme cases
Maryland v Craig
This case established law enforcement must make the accused aware of their due process right
Miranda v Arizona
The University of Michigan law school was not in violation of discrimination by taking race into account for their admissions process
Grutter v Bollinger
You cannot award minorities extra points in the admission process, this is unconstitutional
Gratz v Bollinger
Poll taxes are unconstitutional
Harper v Virginia Board of Elections
Using quota systems in the college admissions process is unconstitutional
University of California v Bakke
Eminent domain only applies to the federal government. Not to state governments
Barron v Baltimore
This court case ruled that citizens could sue a state. The 11th amendment overturned the Court's decision
Chisholm v Georgia
This case established judicial review
Marbury v Madison
Due to the necessary and proper clause, and the Supremacy clause, the federal government can establish national banks within states
McCulloch v Maryland
The Missouri Compromise is ruled unconstitutional, and slaves are not citizen
Dred Scott v Sanford
Congress controls interstate commerce, not a particular state or company
Gibbons v Ogden
The President can stop the flow of commerce with a Joint resolution by the Executive and Legislative branches
US v Curtiss Wright Export Corporation
Executive privilege cannot be used to exclude evidence that isn't pertinent to national security
US v Nixon
The line-item veto is unconstitutional at the federal level, but is still used at state levels
Clinton v New York
The Gun Free Zone Act is unconstitutional. Guns do not interrupt the commerce clause
US v Lopez
The use of hallucinogenic drugs in religious ceremonies is not protected under the free exercise clause
Health and Human Resources of Oregon v Smith
The use of public school vouchers to attend a religious institution is not a violation of the establishment clause
Zelman v Simmons-Harris
school employees cannot lead public praying at school events
Santa Fe Independent School District v. Doe
A law against animal sacrifice for religious purposes is unconstitutional
Lukumi Babalu v Hialeah
Using public bussing to attend religious institutions is not a violation of the establishment clause
Everson v Board of Education
A law enforcing school prayer is a violation of the establishment clause
Engle v Vitale
Government funds for non-secular (religious) purposes is a violation of the establishment clause. This set up a test to decide government entanglement with religion
Lemon v Kurtzman
The free exercise clause allows for students to stop their schooling after eighth grade
Wisconsin v Yoder
Private institutions cannot discriminate as part of the free exercise clause and receive federal tax breaks
Bob Jones University v US
The Espionage Acts were not a violation of the freedom of speech
Schenk v United States
This case said states and cities must follow the Bill of Rights, and established the idea of selective incorporation
Gitlow v. New York
Fighting words are not protected speech
Chaplinsky v. New Hampshire
Wearing black arm bands to protest the Vietnam war is protected speech
Tinker v Des Moines
Dissiminating offensive material in the mail is not protected speech
Miller v California
Burning the American Flag is protected speech
Texas v. Johnson
The Communications and Decency Act's use of "obscenity" is too vague, and was unconstitutional
Reno v ACLU
Prior restraint is unconstitutional. The Pentagon Papers are released, and this was not a violation of National Security
NYT v US
Public officials are held to a higher level of scrutiny, and satirical articles are protected speech, especially if no intent of "actual malice" took place.
Hustler v Fallwell
Schools are held to a higher standard, and may limit freedom of press
Hazelwood v Kuhlmeier
Limiting advertising prior to elections is a violation of freedom of speech
Citizens United v FEC
Being critical of public officials in a newspaper does not hold you libel.
NYT v Sullivan
Japanese internment camps in a time of War are constitutional
Korematsu v US
Seeking advice on contraceptives in protected under the combined amendments to create a right to privacy. Laws prohibiting this are unconstitutional
Griswold v Connecticut
Abortion is a protected right to privacy in the first trimester.
Roe v Wade
States cannot create an undue burden with legislation concerning abortion. Spousal notification is unconstitutional
Planned Parenthood v Casey
Anti-sodomy laws are unconstitutional and a violation of the due process and equal protection clauses of the 14th amendment.
Lawrence v Texas
The equal protection clause and due process clause allows for same-sex marriage in states, and other states must recognize those marriages.
Obergerfell v Hodges
The Supreme Court rules they have jurisdiction and may rule on redistricting cases.
Baker v Carr
One person one vote is established.
Wesberry v Sanders
Individual campaign contributions can be limited, but a politicians personal money can be spent at their own discretion
Buckley v Valeo
You cannot redistrict based solely on race.
Reno v Shaw
Limiting advertisements during election periods is unconstitutional
Citizens United v FEC
Separate but equal is equal
Plessy v Ferguson
Shutting down public schools and giving students vouchers to attend private schools is a violation of the equal protection clause of the 14th amendment.
Griffin v. Prince Edward
Anti-miscegenation laws are unconstitutional, you can marry someone of a different race
Loving v Virginia
Women can attend an all-male military institute in order to comply with Title IX
US v Virginia
title IX protects females from student on student harassment
Davis v Monroe County
You cannot restrict the licensing of handguns or restrict them to homes.
DC v Heller
The 2nd amendment also applies to cities and states due to the fourteenth amendment
McDonald v Chicago
You can restrict the purchasing of weapons by age
NRA v BATFE
States may demand a justifiable need to own a weapon.
Drake v Filko
You cannot restrict the ownership of weapons based on the disruption of commerce
US v Lopez
This case has not reached the SCOTUS, but will attempt to limit the transportation of weapons and their magazine capacity
New York State Rifle and Pistol Association v. NYC
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