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IS 301 - Chp 8 Ethical, Social, and Political Issues in E-commerce

Terms in this set (43)

Human rights:
basic moral guarantees that humans allegedly have
simply because they are human.*
Property rights:
adult humans are not prohibited/prevented from
acquiring, holding and trading (with willing parties) valued items not already owned by others. **
Intellectual Property
...any product of the human intellect that the law protects from unauthorized use by others.*

- Patent
-Copyright
-Trademark
-Trade Secrets
Patent
grants the patent holder the exclusive right to exclude others from making, using, importing, and selling the patented innovation for a limited period of time
Copyright:
Federal legislation enacted by Congress under its
Constitutional grant of authority to protect the writings of authors
Trademark
any word/name/symbol/design, or any combination used in commerce to identify and distinguish the goods of one manufacturer or
seller from those of another and to indicate the source of the goods
Trade Secrets:
information that derives independent economic value not being generally known to through appropriate means by other persons
who might obtain economic value from its disclosure or use (USTA)
Steal
-Take someone's property w/o permission/legal
right & w/o intending to return it. *

-Dishonestly pass off someone's ideas as one's
own
Privacy and Information Rights
-Privacy
-Information Privacy
Privacy
moral right on individuals to be left alone, free from surveillance, or interference from other individuals, organizations, including the date
Information Privacy
claim that certain information should not be collected at all by governments/business firms and
individuals to control the use of whatever information is collected about them
Right to be forgotten
claim of individuals to be able to edit and delete personal information online
Basic Ethical Concepts
-Ethics
-Responsibility
-Accountability
- Liability
-Due Process
Ethics
study of principles that individuals and organizations can use to determine right and wrong course of action
Responsibility
as free moral agents, individuals/organizations/societies are responsible for the actions they take
Accountability
extent that individuals/organizations/societies are held accountable for the consequences of their actions
Liability
feature of political systems in which a body of law is in place that permits individuals to recover damages done to them by other actors, systems, or organizations
Due Process
process in which laws are known and understood and there is an ability to appeal to a higher authority
Analyzing Ethical Dilemmas
1. Identify & clearly describe the facts

2. Define conflict/dilemma & identify higher-order values involved

3. Identify the stakeholders

4. Identify the options that you can reasonably take

5. Identify the potential consequences of your options
Personally Identifiable Information (PII):
Any data that can be used to identify, locate, or contact an individuaL
Anonymous Information:
Demographic/behavioral info that does not include any personal identifiers
Fair Information Practices Principles (FIP) (FTC)
- Notice/Awareness:
- Choice/Consent
- Access/Participation:
-Integrity/Security:
-Enforcement/Redress:
Notice/Awareness
Sites must disclose their information practices before collecting data
Choice/Consent
There must be a choice regime in place allowing customers to choose how their information will be used other than supporting the transaction
Access/Participation
Customers should be able to review and contest the accuracy and completeness of data collected about them
Integrity/Security
Data collectors must take reasonable steps to assure that customer information is accurate and secure from unauthorized use
Enforcement/Redress
There must be a mechanism to enforce FIP principles in place
Informed Consent and Notice
- Informed Consent
-Opt-in:
Informed Consent
-consent given with knowledge of all material facts needed to make a rational decision
Opt-in:
requires an affirmative action by the consumer to allow collection and use of consumer information
Opt-out:
Defaults to collecting information unless the consumer takes an affirmative action to prevent the collection of data
Computer Software Copyright Act:
provides protection for source and object code + copies of the original sold in commerce and sets forth the rights of the purchaser to use the software while the creator retains the
legal title.
Copy Rights and Fair Use
...under certain circumstances will permit use of copyrighted material without permission

-character of use
-Nature of the work
-Amount of work used
-Market effect of use
-Context of use
Character of Use
Nonprofit or educational use vs. for-profit use
Nature of the work
creative works such as plays or novels receive greater protection than factual accounts
Amount of work used
A stanza from a poem or a single page from a book would be allowed, but not the entire poem or a book chapter.
Market Effect of use
will the use harm the marketability of the original product? Has it already harmed the product in the market place
Context of Use
A last-minute, unplanned use in a classroom vs a planned infringement
HTML
HTML
Inserting embedded objects (Video and Slideshow)
<iframe src="value"> </iframe>
Inline Styling
<p style="color: sienna; margin-left: 20px">
External Styling
<link href="css/project.css" type="text/css" rel="stylesheet"/>
Embedded Styling (internal)
You define internal styles in the head section of an HTML page, by using the <style> tag,

<style TYPE="text/css">
<!--
[CSS Style Sheet]
-->
</style>
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