Intro to Recreational Therapy - Final

Chemical Dependency/ Substance Abuse - DSM -5 Criteria
Click the card to flip 👆
1 / 44
Terms in this set (44)
Chemical Dependency/ Substance Abuse - DSM -5 Criteria
• Taking substance longer & in greater amounts than meant to or prescribed
• Desire to stop using or cut down but not able to
• Recovery, getting, or using substance - occupies a significant quantity of individual's day
• craving/urges to use substance
• Impairment in work, home/family, or school related to substance
• Continuing use even when use negatively impacts relationships (significant)
• Foregoing otherwise important activities (school, work, recreation)
• Use & continuing to use when individual knows use put person in physiological or psychological danger
• Needing increased amounts of substance to experience original affects
• Appearance of withdrawal symptoms - often leading to increase quantity substance use
Chemical Dependency/ Substance Abuse - Drug Classification - Depressants - Effects
o Slowing of normal brain function
o Drowsiness
o Calm effect
o Slurred speech
o Confusion
o Poor concentration
Chemical Dependency/ Substance Abuse - Drug Classification - Depressants - Addictive Potential
o Feeling of high
o Withdrawal effects - severe - to life threatening
o Barbiturate - impacts (depressed) central nervous system
♣ Alcohol
♣ Benzodiazepines (Valium, Xanax, Librium, Ativan...)
o Limbic depressants
♣ Antipsychotics (Thorzine, Haldol)
♣ Depressants (Elavil, Prozac)
♣ Antimania (Lithium)
Chemical Dependency/ Substance Abuse - Drug Classification - Endorphin - Effects
o Speed up motor activity
o Elevated mood
o Increase
♣ Heart rate
♣ Respiration
♣ Blood pressure
♣ Thought of Energy
♣ Alertness
o Feelings of excitability
o Euphoric, paranoia, agitation, hostility
Blood and immune system disorders
Hemophilia
decreases the ability for blood to clot
Aquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS)
severely weakens immune system
Diabetes - Type 1
• Formally titles Juvenile Diabetes
• Body not able to produce enough insulin
Diabetes - Type 2
• Caused by diet, excessive weight
• Controlled by lifestyle change
• Diet
• Exercise
Cardiovascular/ Respiratory Disorders - Rheumatic Heart Disease
• Caused by rheumatic fever
• Damages heart muscles/heart valves
Asthma
• Chronic disease impacting airway
• Variety of causes
• Symptoms
• Wheezing
• Coughing
• Chest tightening
• Trouble breathing
Cystic Fibrosis• Genetic disease - mucus and sweat glands - blockage of lungsMusculoskeletal Disorders - Clubfootfoot not being able to be positioned in normal positionMusculoskeletal Disorders - ScoliosisS or C shaped curve in spineMusculoskeletal Disorders - Hip Dysplasia• Femur shift more than normal to out of place • Soft tissue loose and cannot hold hip i its socket • LigamentsCancer - Leukemia (chronic or acute)• Originates in the blood • Elevated white blood count • Prohibit production of reed blood cells • Abnormal white blood cells are not able to fight infectionCancer - Lymphomas• Cancer begins in the lymph system - which is the immune systemCancer - Lymphomas - Non-Hodgkindoes not have Reed Sternberg cellsCancer - Lymphomas - Hodgkin• Has a cell titles Reed Sternberg cells • Caused by Epstein-Barr virus • The same virus that cause mononucleosisBrain tumorscancerous and non cancerous - various causesIntellectual Disabilities (ID) - limitationsLimitation in mental capacity struggles with adaptive behaviors (represent potential treatment areas) • Money management • Telling time • Social interactionsIntellectual Disabilities (ID) - affected settings- home -school -communityIntellectual Disabilities (ID) - adaptive deficits must occur in 1/3 domains - what domains• Conceptual • Social • PracticalIntellectual Disabilities (ID) - Causes• Physical • Autism • Cerebral Palsy • Brain injury/infection before, during or immediately after birth • Premature birth • Drug misuse • AbuseIntellectual Disabilities (ID) - Non-Physical Causes• Extreme environmental deprivation • Lack of stimulation adult responsiveness • Lack of most oftenSeverity of Intellectual Disabilities (ID)• Severity of ID is determined by level of required support in 3 areas • Conceptual • Social • Practical • Intelligence Quotient (IQ) • <65 - 75 • IQ level impacts abilities (represents potential treatment areas)Developmental Disabilities (DD)Group of conditions which occur at key developmental stages • Causes individuals to not achieve developmental stageDevelopmental Disabilities (DD)- impacted developmental achievements• Physical • Social • Cognitive • Emotional • Community skills developmentDevelopmental Disabilities (DD) - represented umbrella conditions ( specific)• Cerebral Palsy • Vision • Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) • Hearing impairment • Autism • Intellectual disabilitiesDevelopmental Disabilities (DD) - Impact Areas• independent living • Learning • Mobility • Economic self-sufficiency • Self-care • Self-direction • Receptive & expressive languageCommodities with ID and DD - potential areas of treatment• Autism • Behavior disorders • Seizure disorders • Motor impairment • Sensory impairment • Speech delay • Vision • Structural abnormalities • HearingMeasuring ID and DD - AMERICAN PSYCHIATRIC ASSOCIATION (APA)• Severity codes • Adaptive functioning • LimitationsMeasuring ID and DD - AMERICAN ASSOCIATION ON INTELLECTUAL AND DEVELOPMENTAL DISABILITIES (AAIDD)• Severity codes • Adaptive functioning • Degree of support needed/ suppose intensity levelAutism Spectrum Disorder - diagnostic criteria - perspective deficit• Social communication • Social interactions • Across multiple contextsAutism Spectrum Disorder - diagnostic criteria - Deficits in social reciprocity• Back and forth flow of social interactionAutism Spectrum Disorder - diagnostic criteria - Nonverbal communicative behavior for social interactions• Social skillsAutism Spectrum Disorder - diagnostic criteria - Understanding and maintaining social interactions restrictive/repetitive patterns of• Behavior • Interest • ActivitiesAutism Spectrum disorder- diagnostic Criteria- Specifics - Intellectual impairmentwith and withoutAutism Spectrum disorder- diagnostic Criteria- Specifics - Structural language impairmentwith and withoutAutism Spectrum Disorder - Association with a known genetic or environmental/acquired conditions• Metabolic conditions • Congenital infections • Developmental brain abnormalities • Bacterial meningitisAutism Spectrum disorder- diagnostic Criteria- Specifiers - Associated with• Neurodevelopmental behavioral disorders • Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) • Mental health disorder • Behavior disorderAutism Spectrum disorder- diagnostic Criteria- Specifiers - associated with age of first concern/onsetestablished skills with and withoutRecreational therapy - areas of focus - general strengths of individuals with Autism Spectrum DisorderExceptional visual learning Early development of reading • Memory skills • Numbers • Dates • Sequencing Literal comprehension Fact-finding Spelling Perfectionism Work well • Alone • With adults Good endurance Attention to detail Loyal Hardworking creativeAutism Spectrum Disorders - Potential Treatment AreasRemediation of existing skills • Identifying potential new skills Focus on attention to task Patience of waiting Introducing new activities Sensory sensitivity • Auditory • Tactile • Taste • Olfactory • Visual • Pain Nutrition fear/anxiety Communication Social skills Activities • Leisure • Recreation Sequencing Transitioning • Not normal routine Healthy lifestyle Self-actualization General • Physical function • Cognitive function Environmental barriersAutism Spectrum Disorder - Recreational Therapy InterventionsLeisure education • Four areas Fitness Community integration Social skills training Progressive relaxation