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BIO 204 EXAM part 3

Terms in this set (50)

The function of the mitotic cell cycle is to produce daughter cells that __________.
are genetically identical to the parent cell (assuming no mutation has occurred)
The centromere is a region in which __________.
sister chromatids are attached to one another in prophase
A cell entering the cell cycle with 32 chromosomes will produce two daughter cells, each with __________.
none of the listed numbers of chromosomes
"Cytokinesis" refers to __________.
Division of the cytoplasm
The phase of mitosis during which the chromosomes move toward separate poles of the cell is __________.
Anaphase
One event occurring during prophase is __________.
the beginning of the formation of a spindle apparatus
Which event or events occur during anaphase?
All of the listed responses are correct.
At which stage of mitosis are chromosomes lined up in one plane in preparation for their separation to opposite poles of the cell?
Metaphase
You would know that a dividing cell was a plant cell rather than an animal cell if you saw that __________.
It had formed a cell plate
If a human somatic cell is just about to divide, it has __________ chromatids.
92
How many genes are present in the human genome?
tens of thousands
What is a locus?
the precise location of a gene on a chromosome
A clone is the product of __________.
asexual reproduction and mitosis
Which, if any, of the following statements is true?
All of the above responses are correct.
The egg (ovum) of a rabbit contains 22 chromosomes. How many chromosomes are in the somatic (body) cells of a rabbit?
44
Sister chromatids __________.
are identical copies of each other formed through DNA synthesis
Which of the following statements about homologous chromosomes is correct?
They have genes for the same traits at the same loci.
At the end of telophase I of meiosis and the first cytokinesis, there are __________.
Two haploid cells
Synapsis occurs during __________.
Prophase I
Which of the following occurs during anaphase I?
Homologs separate and migrate toward opposite poles.
Monomers for the synthesis of DNA are called __________.
nucleotides
The two antiparallel strands of nucleotides that form the DNA double helix are held together by __________.
hydrogen bonds between nucleotide bases
The information in DNA is contained in __________.
the sequence of nucleotides along the length of the two strands of the DNA molecule
Which of the following components is required for DNA replication?
RNA primer
The two strands of a DNA double helix are antiparallel. This means that __________.
one strand runs in the 5' to 3' direction, and the other runs in the 3' to 5' direction
In prokaryotes, the rate of elongation during DNA replication is __________ the rate in eukaryotes.
Much faster than
Avery and his colleagues' 1944 experiment showed that DNA __________.
was the substance that transformed the bacteria in Griffith's experiment
Chargaff found that for DNA __________.
the ratio of A to T is close to 1:1 and the ratio of G to C is close to 1:1
Which of the following techniques was most helpful to Watson and Crick in developing their model for the structure of DNA?
X-ray crystallography
In DNA, the two purines are __________, and the two pyrimidines are __________.
adenine and guanine ... cytosine and thymine
A base-pair substitution mutation in a germ cell line is likely to have NO effect on phenotype if the substitution __________.
occurs in an intron
Which of the following types of mutation is LEAST likely to affect the function of the protein corresponding to the gene in which the mutation occurs?
base-pair substitution
Consider the following list of events in the expression of a eukaryotic gene. What is their proper sequence?
...
1. translation 2. RNA processing 3. transcription 4. modification of protein
3, 2, 1, 4
The first amino acid inserted into a new polypeptide chain in eukaryotic cells is usually __________.
Methionine
During translation in a eukaryotic cell, __________.
polypeptides are synthesized at ribosomes, according to instructions carried by mRNA
At one point, as a cell carried out its day-to-day activities, the nucleotides GAT were paired with the nucleotides CUA. This pairing occurred __________.
During transcription
Which of the following statements correctly describes mRNA processing?
Introns are cut out of the primary transcript, and the resulting exons are spliced together.
Which of the following best describes the arrangement of genetic information in a DNA molecule?
The three-nucleotide words of a gene are arranged in a nonoverlapping series on the DNA template strand.
In a eukaryotic cell, transcription takes place __________.
In the nucleus
in many cases, more than one codon codes for the same amino acid. Because of this, we say that the code is __________.
redundant
In photosynthesis, plants use from __________ to make sugar and other organic molecules. carbon
Carbon dioxide
How does carbon dioxide enter the leaf?
Through the stomata
In photosynthesis, what is the fate of the oxygen atoms present in CO2? They end up __________.
In sugar molecules and in water
The Calvin cycle occurs in the __________.
Stroma
What is the range of wavelengths of light that are absorbed by the pigments in the thylakoid membranes?
blue-violet and red-orange
Of the following, which occurs during the Calvin Cycle?
ATP is hydrolyzed and NADH is oxidized
Rubisco is __________.
the enzyme in plants that captures CO2 to begin the Calvin cycle
During photosynthesis in chloroplasts, O2 is produced from __________ via a series of reactions associated with __________.
H2O ... photosystem II
In the Calvin cycle, CO2 is combined with __________.
a five-carbon compound to form an unstable six-carbon compound, which decomposes into two three-carbon compounds
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