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Chapter 7: Immigrants and Urbanization
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Gravity
Section 1 - The New Immigrants Section 2 - The Challenges of Urbanization Section 3 - Politics in the Gilded Age
Terms in this set (24)
Ellis Island
processing center for immigrants arriving on the East Coast
Angel Island
processing center for immigrants arriving on the East Coast
melting pot
a society in which various racial, ethnic, and cultural groups are blended together
nativism
a policy of favoring native-born individuals over foreign-born ones
Chinese Exclusion Act
...
Gentlemen's Agreement
1907 arrangement in which Japan agreed to curb the number of workers coming to the US and in exchange Roosevelt agreed to allow the wives of the Japenese men already living in the US to join them
urbanization
the growth of cities and the migration of people into them
Americanization movement
education program designed to help immigrants assimilate to American culture
tenement
a building in which several families rent rooms or apartments, often with little sanitation or safety
mass transit
public transportation system designed to move large numbers of people along fixed routes
Social Gospel movement
emphasized the application of Christian principles to social problems
settlement house
community center located in a poor neighborhood that provided numerous services such as medical care, child care, libraries, and classes in English
Jane Addams
1860-1935. Founder of Settlement House Movement. First American Woman to earn Nobel Peace Prize in 1931 as president of Women's Intenational League for Peace and Freedom.
political machine
well organized group that controls election results by awarding jobs and other favors in exchange for votes
graft
illegal use of political influence for personal gain
Boss Tweed
leader of the Tammany Hall, New York Democratic political machine
patronage
granting favors or giving contracts or making appointments to office in return for political support
civil service
those civilian employees who perform the administrative work of government
Rutherford B. Hayes
...
James A. Garfield
...
Chester A. Arthur
...
Pendleton Civil Service Act
(1883): did away with the "spoils system" and made the hiring and promoting of federal employees merit based
Grover Cleveland
...
Benjamin Harrison
...
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