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34 terms
Biology: the Dynamic Science: Chapter 9: Photosynthesis
author: russell
san jacinto college
Photosynthesis
plants capturing energy from the sun and converting it into chemical energy that will be stored in the sugars it will make.
Autotroph
organisms that can make their own food. "Self-feeder" or producers
Heterotroph
"other feeders" or consumers
Chloroplasts
plant organelle where photosynthesis occurs)
Location of photosynthesis
leaves; specifically in chloroplasts
Chlorophyll
the pigment involved in photosynthesis.
Stomata
where gases are exchanged
Stroma
the fluid within the inner membrane of the chloroplasts
Grana
stacks of thylokoid
Thylakoid
flattened close sacs that stack
Overall equation & Tracking the Atoms Through Photosynthesis
6CO2 + 12H2O (light and chorophyl) => C6H12O6 + 6H20 + 6O2
pigments
absorb different wavelengths of visible light
Chlorophyll a
The most important of the two Chlorophyll; found in plants, green algae, and cynobacteria. The differentiating side group is CH3
Chlorophyll B
found only in plants and green algae; differentiating side group is CHO
Carotenoids
yellow-orange pigments that absorbs light in photosynthesis; embedded in the thylakoid membranes; yellow-orange vegetables have this (carrots)
Antenna complex
focuses energy from the light into the reaction center; very spec center
Reaction Center
where the photon is going to be focused and where the electrons will be excited; contains two chlorophyll A molecules; the ultimate pigment responsible
Primary Electron acceptor
accepts electron passed from the reaction center, after electrons has been excited and moved to the outer energy level; holds the electron (redox reaction (oxidation and reduction reaction))
Reduction
occurs when something gains an electron as in the case with the Primary Electron Acceptor.
PS II
aka p680; absorbs light less red, to the left; where initial excitation of electrons occur
PS I
aka P700; absorbs wavelengths of light in the red area; where 2nd excitation of electrons occur
Plastoquinone Pool.
A "pool" of molecules within the thylakoid membranes; links PSII to PSI; also aids the Cytochrome complex in the pumping of H+ from the stroma to the lumen
Cytochrome Complex
next step after H+ Pumping by Plastoquinones; and exists between PSII and PSI;
Plastocynanin
shuttles electrons from the Cytochrome complex to the PSI
Ferredoxin
an iron sulfur protein that acts as another mobile electron carrier of the pathway; then transfers to the NADP+ reductase
Cyclic Electron Flow
only uses PSI; Excited electrons cycle back to PSI; ATP is produced, but not NAPDH; Electron are sent back to the Ferrodoxin then to the Cytochrome complex.
Destination of Oxygen -
Out of the cell
Destination of ATP -
in the liquid stroma
Destination of NADPH
to light independent reactions
Calvin Cycle
where the sugars are actually made
Carbon Fixation
3 Co2 (atmosphere) react w 3 ribulose bisphosphates (needed for making sugars)(RuBP) forming 3 unstable 6C compounds.
rubisco
catalyzes the reaction of Carbon Fixation; the most abundant enzyme/protein on earth
Location of the Calvin Cycle
Stroma
phosphoglycerate (GPA)
the unstable compound broken down during Carbon fixation