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Mr. Marcel Final Exam (Semester 1)(Sonnets, Hamlet, Donne, PL)

Terms in this set (90)

1476
When did William Caxton introduce the printing press to England?
William Caxton
Who introduced the printing press to England?
1485
When did Henry Tudor defeat King Richard III at the Battle of Bosworth Field and establish the Tudor line of English monarchs?
1492
When did Columbus sail "the ocean blue" and reach the New World?
1512
When did Copernicus announce that the Solar System was heliocentric and not geocentric?
1517
When did Martin Luther split from the Catholic Church in the start of the Protestant Revolution?
1534
When did King Henry VIII, angry about the Pope's refusal to let him divorce his wife, split from the Church and declare himself head of the English Church?
Italy
In what country did the Renaissance begin?
King James Bible of 1611
As literacy began improving (due to the need to read religious texts), which book was created that was the culmination of this translation and literacy surge?
Elizabeth
Under which English monarch did England begin to think of itself as a world power?
1558-1603
From which year to which year did Elizabeth rule?
Modern English
What is the period after 1500 called in terms of the English language?
1580-1620
Between which two years is marked as a golden age of English literature?
1500-1650
From which year to which year is the English language defined as Early Modern English?
Greek, Latin
Words from which two languages began entering the English language during the Early Modern English period.
true
True/False: In the Early Modern English period, there was a variety of ways to spell nearly every word.
false (this system was put in place in 1700 as dictionaries and grammar rules became commonplace)
True/False: after 1800, there was a system in place that pretty much forced people to spell words the "correct" way.
Petrarch
Which poet popularized the sonnet?
1300s
When was the sonnet popularized by Italian poet Petrarch?
Petrarchan tone
Define: a sonnet tone which contains a lovesick man seeking to win the affection of a cold-hearted woman and describing in verse the complicated mixture of bliss and misery caused by this passionate and unrequited love
Petrarchan
Define the sonnet type: an octave and a sestet, and contains the rhyme scheme "abbaabba" (often followed by "cdcdcd")
Spensarian
Define the sonnet type: three quatrains and a couplet, and contains the rhyme scheme "abab, bcbc, cdcd, ee"
Shakespearean
Define the sonnet type: three quatrains and a couplet, and contains the rhyme scheme "abab, cdcd, efef, gg"
Sir Philip Sidney
Whose work really set off the boom in sonnet sequences through his works "Astrophil and Stella"?
conceit
Define: a governing metaphor or image; in literature, fanciful or unusual image in which apparently dissimilar things are shown to have a relationship
1552-1599
When was Edmund Spenser born and when did he die?
pastoral
Which type of poem gained popularity as it dealt with shepherds and shepherdesses living an uncluttered, innocent life in the countryside?
"The Fairie Queene"
What is arguably Edmund Spenser's greatest work, which is a massive English epic?
Shakespeare
Who wrote the most famous sonnet sequence in English?
Fair Friend, Rival Poet, Dark Lady
What are the three most-hinted at characters in Shakespeare's poems?
true
True/False: Shakespeare's sonnet cycle is unlike any other, as he subverts traditional expectations and notions; he writes with a sense of Elizabethan duality as he describes Puritans vs. earthly ambition, optimism & exuberance vs. anxiety & ambivalence, and patriarchal society despite Elizabeth being in charge
37
How many plays did Shakespeare write?
false (they are about 70% blank verse, 5% rhymed verse, and 25% prose)
True/False: Shakespeare's plays are primarily in rhymed verse
prose
Define: ordinary speech or writing, without metrical structure
familiar relationship, character's social status (typically lower), rational vs. emotional
Name three reasons for which Shakespeare used prose?
iambic pentameter
In what rhythmical pattern did Shakespeare write?
The Globe (built in 1599)
Of which theater was Shakespeare a part?
Christopher Marlow, Ben Jonson, Shakespeare
Who are the three most famous Elizabethan playwrights?
1564-1593
From which year to which year was Christopher Marlow alive?
true
True/False: the exact date of Shakespeare's birth is unknown
1564
When was Shakespeare baptized?
Stratford-Upon-Avon
Where was Shakespeare born?
1616
In what year did Shakespeare die?
18
At what age did Shakespeare marry Anne Hathaway?
Anne Hathaway
Who did Shakespeare marry when he was 18?
Lord Chamberlain's Men
Of which company of players was Shakespeare a member?
King's Men
To what did the Lord Chamberlain's Men change their name after the accession of King James to the throne?
Richard Burbage
Who was the best actor during Shakespeare's time and was a part of the Lord Chamberlain's/King's Men?
soliloquy
Define: a character alone on stage expressing his/her innermost thoughts and feelings directly to the audience
psychological
In "Hamlet," each soliloquy represents Hamlet's _______________________ progress as he explore his conscience.
motif
Define: recurring imagery and/or symbolism, a recurrent thematic element
decay, perception vs. reality, playacting (like theatre or pretending to be some you're not)
Name 3 motifs that appear in "Hamlet."
"Ur-Hamlet"
"Hamlet" finds its origins in which drama?
1560
When was the "Ur-Hamlet" written?
political, domestic
In comparison to the "Ur-Hamlet," Shakespeare's "Hamlet" is less _______________ and more ______________.
modern
Hamlet is the first truly ______________ man.
Prince Fortinbras
Which character in "Hamlet" serves as a foil (one that by contrast underscores or enhances the distinctive characteristics of another) to the contemplative Prince Hamlet?
foil
Define: one that by contrast underscores or enhances the distinctive characteristics of another; a character whose qualities or actions serve to emphasize those of the protagonist (or of some other character) by providing a strong contrast with them
acting
Shakespeare's "Hamlet" is more about ______________ than avenging.
suffer, fight
In Hamlet's famous "To be, or not to be" speech, "to be" means to ____________, but to __________ his troubles.
sleep, inactive
In Hamlet's famous "To be, or not to be" speech, "not to be" means to ___________ and remain ______________.
false (it's about Hamlet's will; he can't will himself to action, but perhaps the true nature of action is in the mind)
True/False: Hamlet's famous "To be, or not to be" speech is about hope for a better life.
happy
In regards to the four humours, what adjective relates to sanguine (blood)?
sad (lazy, gluttonous)
In regards to the four humours, what adjective relates to melancholic (black bile)?
dull (pale, cowardly)
In regards to the four humours, what adjective relates to phlegmatic (phlegm)?
angry (violent)
In regards to the four humours, what adjective relates to choleric (yellow bile)?
Gravedigger
In the ____________________ scene, Hamlet realizes the reality of death.
reaction to death (and inevitable), action vs. inaction (or action vs. thought), and playacting (how it reflects life and its people)
Name the 3 primary themes of Shakespeare's "Hamlet."
love
What does John Donne reject in his "Holy Sonnets" that is traditionally a common theme?
God
To whom does John Donne address his "Holy Sonnets."
Lady Mary Wroth (in 1621)
Who published the only sonnet sequence of the period written by (and from the perspective of) a woman?
sonnets
Which type of poetry disappears after Milton, to be resurrected in the early 1800s by Romantic poets.
true
True/False: John Donne takes accepted truths and rationally scrutinizes them so that we think the opposite of what is typically true.
false (he began his career with love poems and then transitioned to his "Holy Sonnets")
True/False: John Donne wrote exclusively religious poetry.
metaphysical poetry
Define: highly intellectualized poetry marked by bold and ingenious conceits, incongruous imagery, complexity and subtlety of thought, frequent use of paradox, and often by deliberate harshness or rigidity of expression
1608-1674
From which year to which year was John Milton alive?
1667
When was John Milton's great epic, "Paradise Lost," completed?
Virgil, Spenser
Which two poets/writers did John Milton attempt to model?
Protestantism
John Milton grew up as a part of which faith?
false (he learned English, Latin, Greek, Hebrew, Italian, French, Spanish, and Dutch)
True/False: John Milton only spoke Latin and English.
blindness
To what did John Milton fall victim in his later years of life?
Man, Satan, Eden
John Milton's "Paradise Lost" deals with the Fall of _____, the rebellion of _________, and the expulsion from ________.
"Paradise Lost"
What was the last great work of the Renaissance?
classical, English, Biblical, Christian
John Milton's "Paradise Lost" is ______________ in form, _____________ in medium, _____________ in subject matter, and _____________ in doctrine and spirit.
Homer, Virgil
"Paradise Lost" imitates which two ancient Greek writers?
epic poem
Define: characteristically a long narrative which, following the tradition established by Homer, is written in twelve or twenty-four books; its epic quality comes from the scope which the work sets out for itself
celebration
Great epic poems are more than just stories; they are a ___________________ of what a culture is.
English Revolution, Restoration
"Paradise Lost" is intimately linked to which two historic events?
heroic verse
What literary style does John Milton reject in "Paradise Lost"?
blank verse
In what rhythm and structure is "Paradise Lost" written?
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