PBS: section 1 knowledge and skill

why does external variables in an experiment need to be controlled
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why does external variables in an experiment need to be controlled
to get the most accurate answer to you question
key information gathered at a simulation crime scene
evidence to find a potential suspects
Describe the relationship between DNA, genes, and chromosomes.
DNA is a double helix strand that is capable of determine the structure of the cell, genes are a specific nucleotide sequence in DNA, and chromosomes are are linear bodies in the cell that contain the genetic material. The order is genes which are in the chromosomes which are in the DNA.
Describe the structure of DNA.
A double helix nucleic acid which is composed of nucleotide which are composed of a nitrogenous base, phosphate group and a deoxyribose or a ribose sugar
Describe the structure of a nucleotide.
A nitrogenous base, phosphate group and a deoxyribose or ribose sugar
Explain how restriction enzymes cut DNA.
Restriction enzymes cut DNA by finding certain patterns in the DNA. They cut in between a certain pattern creating RFLPs
Describe how gel electrophoresis separates DNA fragments
Gel electrophoresis separates DNA when you put the DNA in the negative end of the gel the DNA, which is negatively charged, moves through the gel towards the positive end of the gel. The longer the RFLPs the shorter the distance they are able to travel in the gel towards the positive end.
Recognize that gel electrophoresis can be used to examine DNA differences between individuals.
The DNA is placed in the wells (the small holes). The electric charges are then used to pull the DNA through the gel. The density of the gel causes the larger pieces to move slower than the smaller pieces
Demonstrate how restriction enzymes work.
Gel electrophoresis can be used to examine different pieces of DNA by separating the DNA strand into groups. Each group of short strands and long strands.
Describe how an autopsy is performed and the types of information it provides to officials regarding the manner and cause of death.
An autopsy is performed by making a Y shaped incision from the shoulders down to the pelvic bone. The abdominal cavity is then exposed and the rib cage is taken out, allowing for removal of the neck and chest organs. These organs are then removed so they can be freely dissected. Having all this information is helpful to determine cause of death, providing an insight into what their organs we're going through to keep that person alive. Having the ability to look at the organs and tissues and run samples freely helps to determine cause of death quicker with more precise diagnose.