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Ch 3 p 27-31

Terms in this set (45)

When was Israel divided into Northern and a Southern kingdoms?
after Solomon's death
What was the capital of the Northern kingdom?
Samaria
When did Samaria fall to Assyrian invaders?
721 BC
What was the capital of the Southern kingdom?
Jerusalem
When did Jerusalem fall to the Babylonians?
586 BC
Who was the Messiah of Israel and the Savior of the world?
Jesus Christ
When was Jesus Christ born?
when Rome ruled the world
When did the Jews become a people with a home?
after the destruction of Jerusalem in AD 70
What type of words stem from roots of usually three consonants?
Hebrew
What three major periods of development has the Hebrew language passed through?
Biblical (classical) Hebrew, Rabbinic Hebrew, and Modern Hebrew
What were Jewish traditions and laws during the period of Rabbinic Hebrew?
Talmud
During which period of the Hebrew language was the Old Testament written?
Biblical (classical) Hebrew
During which period of the Hebrew language was the time when Hebrew scholars began creating a modern tongue to be spoken in the nation of Israel?
Modern Hebrew
During which period of the Hebrew language was the time when Jewish laws and traditions were written and collected?
Rabbinic Hebrew
What was a language derived from medieval German and spoken by European (Ashkenazi) Jews?
Yiddish
What empire controlled parts of the Middle East for over a thousand years?
Byzantine Empire
What was the capital of the Byzantine Empire?
Byzantium
What is another name for Byzantium?
Constantinople
What was a fanatical, militant new religion in the Arabian Peninsula?
Islam
What was the new religion that threatened Byzantium?
Islam
What is an Arabic mystic from the city of Mecca?
Mohammed
What city was Mohammed from?
Mecca
What were Mohammed's followers called?
Muslims
What did Mohammed, his family, and his followers have to flee to Medina in?
hegira
What does hegira mean?
flight
When was Mohammed forced to flee?
622
When did the Muslims sweep out of the Arabian Peninsula and overrun the Middle East and North Africa through a series of jihads?
in the 600s and 700s
What are jihads?
holy wars
What are Mohammed's successors called?
caliphs
Who ruled much of the Middle East and North Africa from the capitals at Damascus, Baghdad, and Cairo throughout most of the Middle Ages?
Mohammed's successors (caliphs)
According to Islam, how is salvation obtained?
by a man's own efforts to keep the rules of the Koran
What is the Koran?
the holy book of Islam
What was Islam's 'holy month'?
Ramadan
Who was the English pioneer missionary in Persia and the Middle East?
Henry Martyn
What translations of the New Testament did Martyn leave behind?
Arabic, Hindustani (Urdu), and Persian
Who was the first man in modern times to attempt to reach the Muslims of Arabia with the gospel of Christ?
Ion-Keith Falconer
Who was the Scottish nobleman and graduate of Cambridge Univ. that attempted to reach the Muslims with the gospel?
Ion-Keith Falconer
Who established the Arabian mission?
Samuel Zwemer and James Cantine
What was Zwemer known as?
the Apostle to Islam
Why did Zwemer become known as the 'Apostle to Islam'?
Because of his knowledge of the Muslim world and his commitment to the cause of Christ among the Muslims
Why has the Middle East become an area of importance among nations?
because of the oil reserves that are located beneath its sands and along its shores
What two basic elements form the Arabic word?
the root, and the pattern
What element of the Arabic word generally consists of three consonants and gives lexical meaning to the word?
the root
What element of the Arabic word consists of vowels and gives grammatical meaning to the word?
the pattern
What are the two varieties of the Arabic language?
classical (literary) and colloquial
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