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Chemistry Chapter 1

Terms in this set (71)

Physical Property
Properties that can be observed and measured without altering the substance.
Chemical Property
The ability of a substance to undergo a change that alters its identity.
Liquid
Molecules are fluid and move around. Has a definite shape and volume.
Gas
Molecules are in constant motion, no definite shape or volume.
Mixture
A physical blend of 2 or more substances that are not chemically combined.
Homogeneous Mixture
A mixture that is completely uniform in composition.
Heterogeneous Mixture
A mixture that is not uniform in composition.
Compound
A substance that can be separated into singular parts.
Element
A substance that cannot be separated into singular parts.
Group
Vertical columns of elements on the periodic table.
Period
The name given to a horizontal row on the periodic table.
Matter
Chemistry is a natural science that deals with _______ and the changes it undergoes.
Mass, Space
Matter is anything that has ______ and occupies ________.
Weight
The pull of gravity on an object.
Mass
The amount of matter in an object.
Solid, Liquid, Gas
Matter exists in three states, _____, _____, and _____.
Volume, Shape
A solid has a definite ______ and ______.
Shape
A liquid has a definite volume, but takes the ______ of its container.
Gas
A _____ takes both the shape and volume of its container.
AT
Matter has mass and occupies space. AT, NT, ST
NT
A liquid has a definite shape. AT, NT, ST
ST
Heating a solid to 200 C will cause it to become a liquid. AT, NT, ST
ST
Liquids have a density greater than 1 g/cm3
Vapor
Gaseous state of a substance that generally exists as a liquid or solid at room temperature.
Vapor
Solid, Liquid, Gas, or Vapor?: Steam
Liquid
Solid, Liquid, Gas, or Vapor?: Filtered Apple Juice
Liquid
Solid, Liquid, Gas, or Vapor?: Gasoline
Solid
Solid, Liquid, Gas, or Vapor?: Hockey Puck
Gas
Solid, Liquid, Gas, or Vapor?: Air
Yes
Physical change, yes or no?: Melting Butter
Yes
Physical change, yes or no?: Shattering A Window
No
Physical change, yes or no?: Burning A Gasoline
Yes
Physical change, yes or no?: Boiling Water
Mixture
A physical combination of two or more substances is a ______.
Heterogeneous or homogeneous mixture
A mixture has a variable composition and may be identifies as ________ or _______.
Solutions
Homogeneous mixtures are known as ______ and have uniform properties.
Phase
Any part of a system with uniform composition and properties is called a ______.
Components
Many mixtures can be separated into their _____ by physical methods.
Distillation
______ is a method of separation involving boiling and re-condensation of a liquid.
ST
AT, ST, NT: Homogeneous mixtures can be separated by distillation.
AT
AT, ST, NT: A solution has a uniform composition.
AT
AT, ST, NT: A heterogeneous mixture contains two or more phases.
ST
AT, ST, NT: A phase contains a single substance.
Distillation
Separation of a liquid solution by boiling and recondensation.
Homogeneous
Homogeneous or Heterogeneous?: Oxygen dissolved in water.
Heterogeneous
Homogeneous or Heterogeneous?: Carbon mixed with sand.
Homogeneous
Homogeneous or Heterogeneous?: Filtered apple juice.
Heterogeneous
Homogeneous or Heterogeneous?: Vegetable juice
Heterogeneous
Homogeneous or Heterogeneous?: Fresh Squeezed Lemonade
Substance
Substance or Mixture?: Sugar (sucrose)
Mixture
Substance or Mixture?: Hot Tea
Substance
Substance or Mixture?: Salt (sodium chloride)
Mixture
Substance or Mixture?: Vinegar
Elements, Compounds
A pure substance is either a(n) _____ or a(n) ______.
Elements, Substance
Compounds are made up of _____, which are always present in the same _____.
Chemical
Compounds can be separated into their constituent elements only by _____ reaction.
ST
AT, NT, ST: Heating a chemical compound produces elements.
NT
AT, NT, ST: Compounds can be broken down into elements by physical means.
AT
AT, NT, ST: Elements are the simplest forms of matter that can exist under normal conditions.
AT
AT, NT, ST: Each element is represented by a chemical symbol.
Compound
Element or Compound?: Water
Element
Element or Compound?: Oxygen
Compound
Element or Compound?: Table Salt
Compound
Element or Compound?: Alcohol
Element
Element or Compound?: Mercury
Conservation of Mass
The law of _______ states that mass is neither created nor destroyed in any physical or chemical reaction.
ST
AT, NT, ST?: A physical change is reversible.
AT
AT, NT, ST?: In a chemical reaction, reactants are changed into products.
ST
AT, NT, ST?: The amount of matter present appears to change during a chemical reaction.
NT
AT, NT, ST?: Matter can be created during a chemical reaction.
NT
AT, NT, ST?: Substances formed in a chemical reaction.
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