Web Development Vocab

Key Concepts:

Terms in this set (36)

Stack
All the stuff you need to launch a web app, including an operating system (OS), a programming language, database software and a web server
HTML
The language that gives your content a structure. It's the language that all web browsers understand
Python
a high-level programming language designed to be easy to read and simple to implement
CSS
presentation language created to style the appearance of content—using, for example, fonts or colors. It's a buddy-language, it doesn't do anything on its own
JavaScript
a programming language commonly used in web development. It was originally developed by Netscape as a means to add dynamic and interactive elements to websites.
SQL
Database language used to store and request information from a database. Has been the favorite query language for database management systems running on minicomputers and mainframes
Shell/CLI
a user interface for access to an operating system's services
HTTP Request
the message system that runs the World Wide Web. This is how website information is sent over the Internet. Many types of request; including GET and POST, one asks for information from the server and the other submits information to the server.
Framework
provide a standard way to build and deploy web applications. They aim to automate the overhead associated with common activities performed in web development. They provide libraries for database access, templating, and session management, and they often promote code reuse.
PostgreSQL
is an object-relational database management system (ORDBMS). As a database server, its primary functions are to store data securely and return that data in response to requests from other software applications.
SSL Encryption
standard security technology for establishing an encrypted link between a web server and a browser. This link ensures that all data passed between the web server and browsers remain private and integral.
Interpreter
a computer program that directly executes, i.e. performs, instructions written in a programming or scripting language, without requiring them previously to have been compiled into a machine language program.
Flask Application Context
The state of the application when it's running, including the condition of variables and libraries. It's what the Flask app understands as it executes commands and it may come into conflict when it communicates with other processes.
Module
A file consisting of Python code.
Virtual Environment
It's a separate folder to with specific libraries we'll need. We doesn't track with it with git because the libraries should be installed on every machine, not just copied.
Libraries
a collection of implementations of behavior, written in terms of a language, that has a well-defined interface by which the behavior is invoked.
Dependencies
a file that something you are trying to install requires. These are the required libraries and modules for your app to function.
Git Version Control
is a system for tracking changes in computer files and coordinating work on those files among multiple people.
Operating System Service
provides services to both the users and to running programs. It provides programs with an environment to execute. You could not use a computer without these things running in the background.
Object
An item in memory with a variable name, location reference, and the instantiated code provided by some class definition
Method (Python)
is a function that "belongs to" an object. It's the actions than an object can call to service.
Parameter
In almost all programming languages, functions accept these variables that are used in their code, (i.e. f(x) = x + 1). This term is also known as an argument
Constructor (init method)
A special type of subroutine called to create an object. It prepares the new object for use, often accepting arguments used to set required member variables.
Inheritance
a feature that represents the "is a" relationship between different classes. It allows a class to have the same behavior as another class and extend or tailor that behavior to provide special action for specific needs.
DocString Comment
A string literal specified in source code that is used to document a segment of code.
ER Diagrams/UML
Communication diagrams model the interactions between objects in sequence. They describe both the static structure and the dynamic behavior of a system
ORM
A library that encapsulates the code needed to manipulate the data, so you don't use SQL anymore; you interact directly with an object in the same language you're using.
SQL Alchemy
a method of associating user-defined Python classes with database tables, and instances of those classes (objects) with rows in their corresponding tables.
Migration
the process of transferring data between computer storage types or file formats. If we ever want to change our SQL tables to add new information to every record, we'll need to migrate the data from the old table to the new table. We'll use a tool called Alembic to do this.
Association Table
table that associates two other tables in a many to many relationship. An associative relationship attribute is an attribute of the associative entity that exists because of the many to many relationship.
Jinja2 Template
a template engine for the Python programming language. It's the software that takes the mix of HTML and Python and renders it down to just HTML which is then sent to the user.
Flask Session
Session is the time interval when a client logs into a server and logs out of it. The data, which is needed to be held across this session, is stored in a temporary directory on the server.
Render
generating HTML code from a mix of Python and HTML, this is done in Flask using Jinja2.
Route
moving data from source to destination. Our Flask controller will take requests to, for example, your website home and match it to the code that builds the home page.
MVT
The model is the central component of the pattern. It expresses the application's behavior in terms of the problem domain, independent of the user interface. It directly manages the data, logic and rules of the application.
Regular Expression
a sequence of characters that define a search pattern. Usually this pattern is then used by string searching algorithms for "find" or "find and replace" operations on strings.
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