Macromolecules and Biochemistry

activation energy
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Terms in this set (25)
activation energy
This is the energy needed by a system to initiate a process.
carbohydrate
This is a compound made up of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen atoms; it is used by cells to store and release energy.
chemical energy
Energy stored in chemical bonds of molecules.
chemical reaction
The changing of substances to other substances by the breaking of bonds in reactants and the formation of bonds in products
enzyme
complex proteins that speed up chemical reactions by lowering the amount of energy needed to get the reaction started.
induced fit
active site of an enzyme is continually reshaped by interactions with the substrate until the substrate is completely bound and the chemical reaction occurs
lipid
A macromolecule made up of mainly carbon and hydrogen atoms that is primarily used for energy storage and in cell membranes.
lock and key
enzyme and its substrate possess specific complementary geometric shapes that fit exactly into one another.
metabolism
These are all biochemical processes of an organism.
nucleic acid
This is a macromolecule that holds cell information in a coded form.
proteinA macromolecule that contains carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, and nitrogen, which is used by the body for growth and repair.reaction rateThis is the speed at which a reaction progresses.specificityThis refers to the set of conditions, including pH, temperature, and/or light, under which a certain cell type or protein functions best.substratesThis is the material or substance on which an enzyme acts.monomerA molecule that can combine with others of the same kind to form a polymerpolymera large molecule, or macromolecule, composed of many repeated subunitsamino acidmonomer of proteinmonosaccharidemonomer of carbohydratesfatty acidmonomer of lipids that can be saturated or unsaturatedglycerolmonomer of lipidsnucleotidemonomer of nucleic acidscatabolismbreakdown of complex molecules in to simpler moleculesanabolismjoining simpler molecules together to form complex moleculesdenaturedestroy the characteristic properties of a protein by heat, acidity, or other effects that disrupt its molecular conformation.saturationthe state or process that occurs when no more of something can be absorbed, combined with, or added.