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Encopresis

Terms in this set (23)

What is encopresis
Defecating in the pants or any other inappropriate places
How old does a child need to be to be diagnosed with encopresis?
At least 4 years old or the developmentally equivalent
How long does a child need to display symptoms to be diagnosed with encopresis?
At least once a month for at least 3 months
What are the 2 subtypes of encopresis?
1. Constipation and overflow incontinence
2. That which is thought to be associated with ODD
What are the qualifications of constipation and overflow incontinence?
Includes poorly formed feces, continuous leakage that occurs during the day or night, and only small amounts of feces passed during toileting
What are the qualifications of the type of encopresis associated with Oppositional Defiant Disorder?
The child is constipated for some reason, whether it be on purpose or not.
What are the prevalence rates of encopresis in children ages 6 to 12?
1.5% to 7.5%
Is encopresis more common in boys or girls?
It is 4 to 5 times more common in boys than girls
What problems in children with encopresis aren't usually clinically significant?
Behavioral, social, and emotional problems
What can be related to the onset of encopresis?
A specific stressful event (parents divorce, moving schools, someone dies, etc.)
What plays a big role in the etiology of encopresis?
Learning, because children learn bad skills in controlling the bowels
What is encopresis comorbid with?
Enuresis
What percentage of children with encopresis also have enuresis?
25%
What is the first step in the assessment of encopresis?
Rule out an organic basis and determine if colon is impacted (which the pediatrician will do)
What is the second step in the assessment of encopresis?
Parent and child interviews
What questions should be asked in the parent-child interview of encopresis?
Ask about behavioral and emotional problems, recent stressors, how did toilet training go?, current status of toileting habits and bowel movements?, how do child and parent perceive problem?
What are further steps in the assessment of encopresis?
Observation of the problem (maybe a checklist), further assessment, referral to the pediatrician, and then treatment
What may lead to impaired bowel control, with a consequent loss of successful performance of toilet behaviors?
Stress and anxiety
What can stress and anxiety lead to in encopresis?
Impaired bowel control, with a consequent loss of successful performance of toilet behaviors
What types of lifestyles can also promote constipation?
Those diets that contain little fiber or a predominance of dairy products, and sedentary lifestyles
How does animism play a role in the etiology of encopresis?
The child may fear the toilet
What are the symptoms of encopresis?
Poor appetite, chronic abdominal pain, and lethargy
How do parents rate their children with symptoms of encopresis?
Poor self esteem, more emotional and behavioral problems than other children
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