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2C

Key Concepts:

Terms in this set (32)

Different factions after the Revolution
Gender Divides, Slavery, Racial Divides, Loyalists vs Patriots} White Males
Governing Needs
Leadership(Representatives), Taxation, Seat of Government, Voting, Laws, Court Cases, Money, Military, Trade
FEARS
Do not want king(one particular person) ; Being taxed too much-NTWR ; How are the people represented -STATES
A New Political System
The Second Continental Congress set up the Articles of Confederation. The Articles established a form of government called a confederation, or alliance, among the 13 states.
Congress belongs to the..
Central/Federal/National Gov--WEAK
The State Legislature belongs to the...
State Gov--MOST POWER
Strengths of the AOC
1. Very detailed in what can and can't be done
2. National Gov can't become too powerful
3. Very Clear
4. People get to vote
Weaknesses of the AOC
1. Difficult to change (13/13)
2. Weak central gouvernement
3. Less money because of the war
4. Only one branch
5. Did not specify citizen rights
Domestic (states) dealt with...
-Taxation
-Land Use
-Education
-Infrastructure
-Currency
International (Congress) dealt with...
-Trade
-Alliances
-Military
Issues with the AOC
1. Each state functioned independently, pursuing its own interests
2. Central government had no way of raising money or enforcing laws
3. No nation court system to settle disputes
Democracy
Individual citizens vote on policy issues
Republic
Elected representatives make policy decisions
AoC writers disliked...

1. TWR

2. A large central gov. that has absolute power

3. Having to follow British laws

4. Lots of power in the king's hands

5. King could change laws at any time
So under the AOC...

1. Each state has representation in congress-states have power to tax

2. State gov. had more power

3. States made their own laws

4. No executive branch

5. 9/13--vote to pass laws
13/13--vote to change AOC
The AOC in Action
First issues AOC faced had to do with the NW territory- lands west of App mtns. laws were passed to govern these two lands
1. The Land Ordinance of 1785 (settlement of NW territory)
2. The NW Ordinance of 1787 (how the territory will be divided into states)
AOC's most significant achievement
1. The Land Ordinance of 1785 (settlement of NW territory)
2. The NW Ordinance of 1787 (how the territory will be divided into states)
Shays Rebellion
Poor farmers who served in the Revolutionary War couldn't pay their bills and were thrown in debtors prison (NO REPS FOR FARMERS)
Voters needed to prove they had land--loser your land; lose your right to vote
Daniel Shays ~summer 1786~
The need for a strong central gov became obvious in 1786 when farmers in Western Massachusetts rose up in protest over increased state taxes

Daniel Shays led farmers into rebellion against Boston's state gov

Congress wants to give the National Gov more power so they can step in during state rebellion
Aoc Approved by Congress and states
3 months...get rid of articles-Constitution
Virginia Plan
1. Appeal to larger populated states
2. Representation/ votes in congress determined by population
Jersey Plan
1.Small states liked
2. Each state had same number of reps and same votes in congress
Conflict and Compromise
One major issue that the delegates faced was giving fair representation to both small and large states
The Great Compromise
Roger Sherman suggested the Great Compromise, which offered a bicameral legislature to satisfy both small and large states
The Great Compromise-Legislature
Lower House- House of Reps

Reps and votes determined by population
Citizens of each state chose reps

Upper House- Senate

Each state has 2 senators and 2 votes regardless of population

Chosen by state gov
North vs South
North: Does not want slaves to count as population; wants slave owners to be taxed as property

South: Wants slaves to count for population
The Three-FIfths Compromise
:3/5 of the slave population would count for both population and taxation
:Allowing slaves in a nation founded on the principals of liberty and equality didn't make sense to some delegates
The CC adjourned on 9/17/1787; however the new gov could not become a reality until at least 9 states ratified the Constitution
Gave much more power to a centralized national gov
Federalists
Supporters of the Constitution; favored its balance between the state government and the national government
Antifederalists
Against the Constitution; opposed having such a strong federal gov
Federalists vs Antifederalists
F~ The Federalist papers
85 essays
Land owning, wealthy, merchants
Elitism-- Believed upper class would be better at governing

A~ Doesn't think the Constitution protects individual rights
Small farmers, shop keepers, labors
Direct Democracy ~ people vote directly
Ratifying the Constitution -- had to be approved by 9/13
1st to ratify- Deleware
9th to ratify- New Hampshire
Bill of Rights
Antifederalists demanded a BoR~a formal summary of citizens' rights and freedoms
From their fear of a strong central gov
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