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Gravity
Terms in this set (57)
Believed the earth was not that old, but catastrophes happened which caused organisms to change (catastrophism)
Georges Cuvier
Believed in inheritance of acquired characteristics. such as: if someone became tan and reproduced, its offspring will be tan
Jean-baptiste de Lamarck
-made a study of artificial selection
-convinced that the earth was old enough to have allowed evolution to occur
Charles Darwin
believed in uniformitarianism and influenced Darwin
Charles Lyell's
humans select what traits they want in plants or animals by using ______.
artificial selection
proposed that some things keep our population from over-populating and influenced Darwin
Thomas Malthus
organisms with an advantage reproduce more than others of their kind with _______. (not the same as evolution, but helps explain it)
natural selection
changes in a population over time due to the accumulation of inherited differences is described as ______.
evolution
-"survival of the fittest"
-wrote & published a joint paper with Darwin on evolution
Alfred Wallace
Which two scientist influenced Darwin the most?
Lyell's and Malthus
which type of karyote has a nucleus
Eukaryotes
which type of karyote does not have a nucleus
Prokaryotes
in order to see if fossils were inherited from a recent common ancestor, scientist use what kind of structure?
homologous
What kind of fossil has a common ancestor for two different groups?
transitional fossil
where is DNA found in prokaryotes?
nucleoid
-only found in Bacteria
-is sugar in protein
Peptidoglycan
used for attachment and conjugation
pili
capsules allow _______ to cause infection
prokaryotes
another term for sexual reproduction
conjugation
_______ reproduce by assexual reproduction called binary fission
Prokaryotes
what type of bacteria is believed to have introduced oxygen to Earth when formed
cynobacteria
about a million people in the US catch _____ yearly
gonorrhea
make their own food
autotropic
Protozoans, slime molds, and algae are major groups of _____
protists
protists use _____ for movement
flagellum
Euglenoids use ____ as a photoreceptor
eyespot
use pseudopods as motility and reproduce asexually
ameboids
move using cilia and are free-living
ciliates
live in water and decompose remains
water molds
live in oceans and freshwater environments
algae
are used as food for small animals in the ocean; some undergo "red tides"
dinoflagellates
what type of algae is: unicellular, lives in warm seawater, and attaches to rocks in the intertidal zone?
red
what type of algae is: multicellular, forms seaweed, and lives in cold ocean water?
brown
what type of algae: lives in oceans/freshwater/bark of trees/on turtles, and undergoes sexual reproduction
green
which organism contains chlorophyll?
chloroplasts
which kingdom is described:
-mulicellular
-autotrophic
-eukaryotic
plantae
which terrestrial structure contains roots, stems, and leaves and uses vessels to transport food and water
vascular
which terrestrial structure contains no vessels, roots, leaves, or stems
nonvascular
Xylem and Phloem are two major _____ groups.
vessel
what type of vessel transports water?
Xylem
what type of vessel transports food and nutrients?
Phloem
what type of plants have a vascular system but reproduce using spores?
seedless
Gymnosperms and Angiosperms are types of ______ plants?
seed
What type of seed plant contains the following characteristics:
-needle-like leaves
-have "naked seeds"
-are cone bearing plants
-most are evergreens
-wind pollination
gymnosperms
What type of seed plant contains the following characteristics:
-have enclosed seeds (usually in fruit)
-are flowering plants
-contains 2 main groups- monocots & dicots
-pollination by birds and insects
angiosperms
Name the type of angiosperm based on the following characteristics.
-flowers in 3's
-parallel leif veins
-pollen grain has on pore/furrow
-one cotyledon
monocots
Name the type of angiosperm based on the following characteristics.
-flowers in 4's or 5's
-web-like veins
-two cotyledon
dicot
birds are attracted to ____ flowers.
red
T/F: Bees can see colors humans cannot
true
what kind of flowers are white and bloom at night?
moth-pollinated
many insects are attracted to ____.
odors
_________ plants absorb water and nutrients from their environment
aquatic
________ plants require roots to collect and transport water
terrestrial
what type of seed plant has very narrow leaves to minimize water loss?
gymnosperms
leaves are covered by a waterproof outer layer called the ____.
cuticle
______ are described as openings in the leaves which helps exchange gases
stomata
A ______ _____ is a growing spore and was the initial hypha
germ tube
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