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Intro to exceptionalities

Terms in this set (106)

Which term includes children who experience difficulties in learning as well as those whose performance is so superior that modifications in curriculum and instruction are necessary to help them fulfill their potential?

A. at risk children
B. exceptional children
C. students with disabilities
D. gifted and talented children
B. exceptional children
which of the following refers to a problem or a disadvantage anperson with a disability or impairment encounters when interacting with the environment?

A. handicap
B. at risk
C. disability
D. impairment
A. handicap
which term refers to children who, although not currently identified as having a disability, are considered to have a greater than usual chance of developing one?

A. impairment
B. handicap
C. exceptional children
D. at risk
D. at risk
which of the following are the three most preventable disability categories?
A. learning disabilities, emotional disturbance, and autism
B. visual impairments, traumatic brain injury, and blind-deaf
C. learning disabilities, intellectual disabilities, and developmental display
D. Learning disabilities, speech or language impairments, and other health impairments
D. Learning disabilities, speech or language impairments, and other health impairments
What percentage of school age children receive special education services?
A. 20%
B. 9%
C. 13%
D. 5%
C. 13%
which of the following is an advantage of disability labels
A. labels indicate what and how to teach children with disabilities
B. teachers have more appropriate expectations for students who are labeled
C. labels help make exceptional children's needs more visible to policymakers and the public
D. a disproportionate number of children from some racial or ethnic backgrounds have been assigned disability labels
C. labels help make exceptional children's needs more visible to policymakers and the public
most studies conducted to assess the effects of labeling___
A. have produced inconclusive, often contradictory evidence and have generally been marked by methodological weaknesses
B. suggest that the disability is the most important thing about the child
C. show that labeling is more beneficial to students with disabilities than not labeling them
D. show that it is better to use alternative approaches to classifying children with disabilities such as according to the curriculum and skill they need to learn
A. have produced inconclusive, often contradictory evidence and have generally been marked by methodological weaknesses
which of the following is a legally required outcome when a student is labeled as having a disability?
A. families become eligible for funds to help the child
B. the student becomes eligible for special education services
C. schools become aware of the classroom in which students should be placed
D. parents understand their child's disability
B. the student becomes eligible for special education services
which of the following court cases set the legal precedent for the civil rights for individuals with disabilities by ruling that "separate is not equal"?
A. board of education of the Hendrick Hudson central school district v. Rowley (1982)
B. brown v. board of education of Topeka (1954)
C. PA association for retarded children (PARC) v. commonwealth of PA (1972)
D. Armstrong v. Kline (1979)
B. brown v. board of education of Topeka (1954)
which court case challenged a state law that denied public school education to children considered "unable to profit from public school attendance"?
A. board of education of the Hendrick Hudson central school district v. Rowley (1982)
B. brown v. board of education of Topeka (1954)
C. PA association for retarded children (PARC) v. commonwealth of PA (1972)
D. Armstrong v. Kline (1979)
C. PA association for retarded children (PARC) v.
which of the following laws extends civil rights protection of people with disabilities to private sector employment, public services, transportation, and telecommunications?
A. goals 2000: educate america act
B. no child left behind
C. individuals with disabilities education improvement act
D. Americans with disabilities act
D. Americans with disabilities act
which of the following means "zero reject"
A. schools must collaborate with parents and students with disabilities
B. schools must educate all children with disabilities
C. schools must provide safeguards to protect the rights of children with disabilities and their parents
D. schools must be unbiased, multifaceted methods of evaluation to determine whether a child has a disability
B. schools must educate all children with disabilities
which of the following means "due process"
A. schools must collaborate with parents and students with disabilities
B. schools must educate all children with disabilities
C. schools must provide safeguards to protect the rights of children with disabilities and their parents
D. schools must be unbiased, multifaceted methods of evaluation to determine whether a child has a disability
C. schools must provide safeguards to protect the rights of children with disabilities and their parents
which of the following is NOT a major principle of IDEA
A. free appropriate public education
B. full inclusion in regular classrooms
C. least restrictive environment
D. parent participation and shared decision making
B. full inclusion in regular classrooms
special educators design ___ to keep a potential or minor problem from becoming a disability
A. compensatory intervention
B. community-based intervention
C. remedial intervention
D. preventive intervention
D. preventive intervention
this level of preventative intervention is aimed at individuals with a disability and intended to prevent the effects of the disability of worsening
A. tertiary prevention
B. secondary prevention
C. compensatory prevention
D. primary prevention
A. tertiary prevention
teaching a student who cannot speak to use an alternative and augmentative communication device is an example of which type of intervention
A. preventative intervention
B. remedial intervention
C. compensatory intervention
D. early intervention
C. compensatory intervention
which of the following is NOT a challenge facing the field of special education
A. helping secondary students with disabilities transition to adult life
B. increasing the availability and quality of special education programs for gifted and talented students
C. increase funding for special education
D. classifying which students have multiple and severe disabilities
D. classifying which students have multiple and severe disabilities
the statement "instruction received by many students with disabilities not only fails to take advantage of that knowledge, it often embraces methods scientific studies have shown to be ineffective" refers to
A. universal design for learning
B. the research to practice gap
C. remedial intervention
D. free appropriate education
B. the research to practice gap
which of the following is NOT one of the purposes of prereferral intervention
A. to strengthen teachers' capacity to intervene effectively with a greater range of problems, thereby reducing the number of future referrals for special education
B. to prevent relatively minor problems from worsening to a degree that would eventually require special education
C. to prevent the costly and time- consuming process of assessment for special education eligibility
D. to increase the frequency of special education placement for children whose learning or behavioral problems are the result of inappropriate instruction
D. to increase the frequency of special education placement for children whose learning or behavioral problems are the result of inappropriate instruction
which of the following statements regarding multi factored evaluation is true
A. within 30 days of receiving parental consent, the school must complete the multi factored evaluation
B. IDEA requires nondiscriminatory multi factored evaluations only for ethically and culturally diverse groups
C. IDEA requires that multi factored evaluation reports provide information about the child's educational needs and how to meet them
D. IDEA stipulates that lack of appropriate instruction is one of the criteria for identifying a student with a learning disability
C. IDEA requires that multi factored evaluation reports provide information about the child's educational needs and how to meet them
which of the following is a formal and systematic prereferral process that assesses how a student responds to increasingly intensive instruction
A. response to intervention (RTI)
B. multi factored evaluation (MFE)
C. universal design for learning (UDL)
D. student support team (SST)
A. response to intervention (RTI)
disproportionate over representation:
exists when a particular group receives special education at a rate higher than would be expected based on the proportion of the general student population that group represents
which of the following students are disproportionately over represented in special education
native american, native Hawaiian, or other pacific islander, and African american
which of the following is NOT identified as a reason for the over representation of ethnically and culturally diverse students in special education
under representation is really the problem, not over representation
________ teams are composed of professionals from different disciplines who work independently of one another
multidisciplinary
in this co-teaching format, both teachers teach the same content to two equal-sized groups of students
parallel teaching
which of the following involves reciprocity and sharing of information among all team members through an equal exhange
teaming
which of the following is a required component of the IEP
an explanation of the extent to which the child will not participate with children who do not have disabilities
educating students with disabilities with children who do not have disabilities to the max extent possible is called ___
the least restrictive environment
which of the following should include a statement of program modifications or supports for school personnel that will be provided for the child
a statement of special education and related services
if the continuum of placement options, which of the following is considered most restrictive
homebound or hospital
which of the following s true regarding least restrictive environment
a student cannot be removed from the regular classroom unless the IEP team determines the specialized program instruction or related services the child needs to achieve his IEP goals cannot be provided in the regular classroom
which of the following statements is true regarding cooperative learning is true
cooperative learning arrangements should include group goals and individual accountability
advocates of full inclusion contend that the LRE model does all of the following EXCEPT
directs attention to the services and supports people need rather than to physical settings
the most crucial variable in the effectiveness of special education is the
quality of instruction a child recieves
many people- inside and outside the field of education- have detected the following problems with the nature of special education EXCEPT
lack of any progress toward providing equal educational opportunities
which of the following is not one of the three widely recognized influences on the increased emphasis on collaboration between parents and teachers in the education of exceptional children
communities are more accepting of students with exceptionalities
educators must remember that family involvement is important because of which of the following
families know certain aspects of their children better than anyone
which of the following explains why there is an emphasis on parent and family involvement in special education
educational outcomes are improved when parents are involved
all of the following statements regarding the financial situations of parents with disabilities are true EXCEPT
the extra costs of providing for a child with a disability are usually covered by financial assistance from federal, state, and local agencies
which of the following is true about siblings of children with disabilities
children are deeply influences by having a brother or a sister with special needs, but their experiences are varied
which of the following statements about marital adjustments for parents of children with disabilities is true
most families of children with disabilities experience average to above-average levels of marital adjustments
which of the following is NOT on of the five principles of effective communication
encourage parents to share private family information that will help you understand the students' needs
an active listener does which of the following
responds to the speaker's message with animation and interest
which tends to be the most difficult step in the RERUN dialogue approach
understand
which of the following is true about a cultural interpreter
must have a basic understanding of the family culture she is representing
______ refers to families' strengths, resources, and insights
funds of knowledge
which of the following is the recommended sequence for conducting parent-teacher conferences
build rapport, obtain information, provide information, summarize, follow up
a _________ specifies parent-delivered rewards for the child contingent on her behavior or academic performance in the classroom
home-school contract
which of the following is one of the 10 guidelines for communicating with parents and families
help parents strive for realistic optimism
which of the following is true about parent-as-tutors program
keep tutoring sessions short
topics for parent education and support groups should be determined by all of the following EXCEPT
a pre-determined evidence-based parent education curriculum
IDEA defines intellectual disability as a "significantly subaverage general intellectual functioning, existing concurrently with deficits in ____ and manifested during the developmental period that adversely affects a child's educational performance
adaptive behavior
which of the following is NOT one of the levels of intellectual disability
educable
which of the following is true? ID tests..
are strong predictors of school achievement
why is adaptive behavior difficult to measure
there is no universal agreement about which adaptive behaviors everyone should exihibit
the AAIDD's criterion for "significant limitations of intellectual functioning" is an IQ score approximately
2 standard deviations below the mean
_____ functioning of individuals with intellectual disabilities includes poor memory, slow learning rates, attention problems, difficulty maintaining and generalizing what the have learned, and poor motivation
cognitive
individuals with intellectual disabilities may exhibit deficits in cognitive skills. all of the following are areas of cognitive functioning EXCEPT
learning style
common limitations in adaptive behavior skills for individuals with intellectual disabilities include which of the following
self-care skills and social relationships
learning disability is the largest disability category; intellectual disability is the ____ largest disability category
fifth
which of the following is NOT true
prevalence rates are similar from state to state
poverty, minimal opportunities to develop early language, child abuse and neglect, and chronic social or sensory deprivation are associated with _____ causes of intellectual disability
environmental
______ and fragile X syndrome are the two most common genetic causes of intellectual disabilities
down syndrome
academic goals for individuals with intellectual disability should be determined by all of the following EXCEPT
strictly adhering to the general education curriculum
the ultimate approach to determining is a given skill qualifies as functional curriculum is to contemplate this question from the student's perspective
"will i need it when i am 21"
_______ means breaking down complex or multistep skills into smaller, easier-to-learn subtasks
task analysis
all of the following promote instructional and social inclusion of students with intellectual disabilities EXCEPT
self-contained classrooms
normalization is a
philosophy that people with disabilities should be integrated into everyday society to the greatest extent possible
what 3 criteria do most states require to identify students with learning disabilities
sever ability-achievement discrepancy, exclusion criterion, and need for special education services
what is the defining characteristic of a learning disability
specific and significant achievement deficits in spite of seemingly adequate overall intelligence
in what year did the federal legislation include learning disabilities as a disability category under which students were entitled to special education and related services
1975
students with learning disabilities are most likely to be referred for special education because of difficulties in which of the following areas
reading
which of the following is NOT true about students with leaning disabilities
their skill deficits are limited to academic areas so they don't have difficulty making and keeping friends
difficulties with reading, writing, math, social skills, and attention are characteristics of learning disabilities. however, specific and significant achievement deficits adequate overall intelligence are considered which of the following
the defining characteristic
from 2002 to 2011, the number of students identified with learning disabilities decreased by 18%. which of the following is not a likely reason for this decline?
increased use of MRI to diagnose learning disabilities
which of the following is NOT true
across all grade levels, females with learning disabilities outnumber males by 3:1 ratio
nation joint committee on learning disabilities (NJCLD) holds the position tat learning disabilities are presumed to be due to which of the following
central nervous system dysfunction
there is growing evidence that a common factor may account for at least some family links with dyslexia. what is this common factor
genetics
which two types of assessments are administered to meet the discrepancy criterion for identifying students with learning disabilities
IQ tests and individual achievement tests
which of the following statement about curriculum based measurement (CBM) is NOT true
CBM is best used for summative evaluation
in a 3 tier RTI model, a student who is responding well to instruction in the regular class is likely to be in which intervention tier
tier 1
research demonstrates the most effective interventions for teaching academic skills to children with learning disabilities
explicit instruction and learning strategies
which of the following is NOT a key component of explicit instruction
discovery learning
which of the following is NOT a suggestion for using guided notes
to increase active engagement, require students to write as much as possible
the majority of students with learning disabilities are educated in which of the following placements
regular classroom
the consultant teacher provides support:
to general education teachers
which of the following requires that students with disabilities be educated with students without disabilities and have access to the core curriculum to the maximum extent appropriate
IDEA
autism as added as a disability category to IDEA in when the law was reauthorized in
1990
all of the following are stated in the IDEA definition of autism EXCEPT
autism applies if a child's educational performance is adversely affected primarily because the child has a serious emotional disturbance
Asperger syndrome is which of the following
an autism spectrum disorder that is at the mild end of the spectrum and is characterized by impairments in the social areas, particularly an inability to understand how to interact socially
some theorist and researchers attribute the difficulties by children with autism in social situations to deficits in ______, the intuitive ability to distinguish and interpret one's own and other people's thoughts, motives, and beliefs
theory of mind
children with autism may exhibit persistent and repetitive motor or vocal behaviors that do not serve any apparent function such as rocking, twirling around, or flapping their hands. this is called ________
stereotypy
which of the following statements does NOT apply to behavior traps
a behavior trap should be terminated as quickly as possible
the prevalence of children with autism is currently
1 in 68
the dramatic increase in the number of children receiving special education under the autism category is likely due to all of the following EXCEPT
the incidence of all disabilities included learning disabilities, emotional and behavioral disorders, and intellectual disabilities, which have also dramatically increased in recent years
current research on the causes of autism focus on which of the following
neuropathology, genetic inheritance, and environmental toxins
although research has also eliminated several suspected causes, such as parenting practices and the measles, mumps, and rubella (MMR) vaccine, the definitive cause of autism is
still unknown at this time
early diagnoses of autism
is critical because it enables early intervention
which of the following is a screening instrument for autism
modified checklist for autism in toddlers (M-CHAT-R/F)
which of the following is NOT a strategy derived from applied behavior analysis for teaching students with autism spectrum disorder
inquiry-based learning
which of the following treatments for autism are backed by scientific evidence
self management tactics
techniques that can be implemented with the entire class and that have been shown to help students with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) learn the skills they need to be successful in general education classrooms include all of the following EXCEPT
discrete trial training
which of the following is an advantage of teaching children with autism in regular classrooms
socially competent children in regular classrooms are an essential ingredient for peer mediated interventions
an advantage of using evidence-based practices- choral responding, class-wide peer tutoring, response cards, and self-management tasks- with children with autism is that
they can be applied with all children in the class, not just those with ASD
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