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Chapter 4; Part 2 Study Guide (SS)

Terms in this set (46)

Why did the United States only admit new states in pairs after the admittance of Maine and Missouri in the 1820s?
to maintain a balance of slave and free states in Congress
Which compromise established the 36° 30' latitude line as the northernmost boundary of slavery?
the Missouri Compromise
Westward expansion led to growing sectionalism and controversy over the expansion of slavery to the territories. Which event was the first indicator of trouble between the North and South?
Missouri applied for statehood as a slave state.
How did the land gain after the Mexican-American War impact United States politics?
A debate over the expansion of slavery increased political tensions.
How did the Dred Scott v. Sandford decision, the Kansas-Nebraska Act, and Compromise of 1850 affect the nation?
They led to increased sectionalism as debates over slavery continued.
What statement would most likely be said by a typical South Carolinian after reading Uncle Tom's Cabin?
"This book was written to inflame Northerners and is too critical of our lifestyle!"
What effect did the Dred Scott Decision, the Compromise of 1850, Bleeding Kansas, and Uncle Tom's Cabin have on the nation?
They created a greater sectional divide between the North and the South.
Which aspect of the Compromise of 1850 ignited the most controversy between North and South?
the stricter fugitive slave act
What caused the controversy over the addition of Missouri as a state?
Missouri statehood would disrupt the balance between free and slave states in Congress.
How did the publication of Harriet Beecher Stowe's Uncle Tom's Cabin impact the northern view of slavery?
Anti-slavery opinions intensified.
How did the changes seen in these maps influence American domestic policy?
It set a precedent for creating new states in pairs.
This is an excerpt from a law passed in 1854.
What idea is the basis for this law?
popular sovereignty
The Kansas-Nebraska Act repealed which of the following
Missouri Compromise
How did the publication of Harriet Beecher Stowe's Uncle Tom's Cabin impact the northern view of slavery?
Anti-slavery opinions intensified
Missouri Compromise
Compromise proposed by Henry Clay that made states join in pairs in order to balance power between slave states and free states which led to the creation of the 36'30 line and was the first real act of sectionalism during the antebellum period
36' 30 line
above the 36 line was free slave, below was slave
Maine and Missouri
Missouri = slave state, Maine = a free state, added in pairs to keep balance between free and slave states
Manifest Destiny
the belief that it was the God-given right of the United States to control all of the land from the Atlantic Ocean to the Pacific Ocean
"American Progress"
Painting made depicting Manifest Destiny
Mexican-American War
This was the war against american and the mexicans were the americans won and they got more land from the war. The War was a direct result of Manifest Destiny
Texas and Oregon
Oregon and Texas enter as a pair due to the Missouri Compromise in 1820. Texas turns into a slave state and Oregon enters as a free state.
Uncle Tom's Cabin
is an anti-slavery novel by American author Harriet Beecher Stowe. Published in 1852, the novel "helped lay the groundwork for the Civil War." Northerners applaud the novel while Southerners argue it is not an accurate description
Gadsden Purchase
This was an agreement between the US and Mexico that resulted in the rest of Arizona and Nevada. It cost the US 10 million dollars and let the US gain 29, 670 acres of land.
Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo
The agreement that stopped the American-Mexican war and gave America Texas, Arizona, New Mexico, Utah, Colorado, California
Compromise of 1850
California enters as a free state, fugitive slave act is enforced upsetting northerners
California and Fugitive Slave Act
In 1849, California requested admission to the Union as a free state. This entry would disrupt the carefully planned balance between slave and free states that had existed since the Missouri Compromise, if California entered the North would have more representation in Congress. As a result they create the Compromise of 1850 which strengthened the Fugitive Slave Act. The Fugitive Slave Act required the Northerners to return runaway slaves to their Southern owners. Violations of the law would result in heavy fines or imprisonment.
Henry Clay
A Whig political leader of the early nineteenth century known for his efforts to keep the United States one nation despite sharp controversy among Americans over slavery. Created the Compromise of 1850 and the Missouri Compromise. Known as great compromiser
Kansas Nebraska Act
Was passed in 1854 and it allowed people in the Kansas and Nebraska territories to choose weather or not to allow slavery within their territories with the use of popular sovereignty north of the 36 30 line.
Bleeding Kansas
A series of violent events. It emerged from a political debate over slavery in Kansas. Occured to swing the popular vote.
Free soil party
The free soil party is when this certain political party (aka free soil party) didn't support the expansion of slavery out west.
Stephen Douglas
He was a politician who proposed that individual territories be allowed to decide whether that want to be a slave state or a free state. He also engaged in a famous series of debates with Abraham Lincoln.
Popular Sovereignty
this was when the people would have the power to vote/pass an act or law such as the issue of slavery. The people were/are the source of all the political power
Transcontinental Railroad
The transcontinental railroad is one of the large railroads that linked the eastern side of the US and the western side of the US as people are starting to follow the trend of moving west. Created by Stephen Douglas
Dred Scott vs. Sanford
Scott sued his previous owner because his owner brought Scott to a free territory unintentionally freeing him. This case stated that slaves were not citizens of the United States Of America, had no rights, and were property.
Chief Justice Roger Taney
Chief Justice roger taney was one of the people in the supreme court in the dred scott case that said slaves and african americans had no rights.
John Brown
Abolitionist who conducted a raid on Harpers Ferry in 1859 because he was trying to start a slave revolt.
1860 Presidential Election
The 1860 presidential in which Republican Abraham Lincoln defeated Southern Democrat Breckinridge. This caused the southern states to secede from the Union
Unionists
A person who opposed secession and slavery during the civil war times
Secessionists
This is a group of pro slavery people who want to secede from the union because they think the new president (Abraham lincoln) won't protect their interest such as slavery .
Cooperationists
People who favored seceding from the Union only as a last resort and only if other southern states did so as well.
Ordinance of Secession
A document that SC ratifies to leave the union
Articles of Secession
The articles of secession was south Carolina's reason to Secede from the union (Complaint made by SC)
Sectionalism
a tendency to be more concerned with the interests of your particular group or region than with the problems and interests of the larger group, country, etc.
Abraham Lincoln
Was a Republican, he campaigned on a platform that slavery must not be allowed in the territories known as the free soil party. Although he did not like slavery he was not an abolitionist. Was in the American Presidential Election in 1860 causing the southern states to suceed from the Union.
Republican
The republican party is one of the two main political parties in the United states. Lincoln was a Republican.
Civil War
This was a war between the southern US and the northern US mainly over expansion of slavery.
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