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Unit 2: Human Geography chapter 4

Terms in this set (57)

Most Popular religion in the world.
christianity- 2.04 billion
Monotheism
The belief in only one god.
Christianity
belief in the teachings of Jesus Christ (son of God), who was the founder.
Bible
the Christian's holy book
Islam
Founded by the prophet Muhammad ), god= Allah
Qur'an
Holy Book of Islam
what are the 2 types of Islam
1. Sunni 2.shiite
what is the oldest religion and is considered to be polytheistic.
Hinduism
Agnosticism
a person who believes that nothing is known or can be known of the existence of God. They are uncertain about religion.
Buddhism
follows in Siddhartha Gautama (The Buddha)
This religion is very popular in east Asia
Buddhism
Infrastructure
the basic support system that a nation needs to keep its economy running smoothly
market economey
an economic system in which production of goods and services is determined by demand from consumers
innovation
the creation, or invention, of a new system to fulfill a societal need
carrying capacity
the number of organisms a piece of land can support
GNP
used to measure the total annual value of all goods and services produced by a nation's businesses and industries
Culture
the total knowledge, attitudes, and behaviors shared by and passed on by the members of a specific group
Society
People living together with a similar culture
Ethnic Group
a group of people who shares language, customs and common heritage but may not be the only ones in that area.
Religion
An organized system of faith
Polytheistic
The belief in many gods or goddesses.
Animistic
a belief in the divine forces of nature.
Cultural Hearth
The place where an innovation (new idea or thing) started and spread from.
Acculturation
When a culture accepts and adopts a new idea or thing.
Diffusion
When ideas, inventions, or patterns of behavior spread
Dialect
a version of a language used in a particular area.
Birthrate
number of live births per thousand people
Fertility Rate
average number of children a woman will have in her childbearing years during her lifetime.
Mortality Rate
number of deaths per thousand people
Infant Mortality Rate
The number of deaths among infants under the age of 1 per 1000 live births.
Population Pyramid
A graphic device that shows age and gender of a population
Push Factor
reasons people leave one area, like war or famine.
Pull Factor
reasons people migrate to a new area. A job or food.
Population Density
Where population is most concentrated.
State
A country that occupies a specific territory
Nation
unified group with common culture; may not live in the same area.
Nation-state
A nation and state occupying the same territory
Landlocked
A country that has no access to a sea or ocean
Natural Boundary
A physical boundary that is naturally there like a mountain or river
Artificial Boundary
A man-made border, like using latitude or longitude.
Regional divisions in government
city, county, state, federal
Megacities
There are currently 25 urban areas with populations over 10 million.
Suburbs
Areas outside the main city.
Mostly residential but within commuting distance to city.
Metropolitan area
Whole area surrounding a city.
Exurbs
Smaller cities or a town between the suburbs and the city.
Urban
City
Rural
countryside
Urbanization
The growth of cities and urban infrastructure
Economy
The production and exchange of goods and services.
Command Economy
An economic system in which the production of goods and services are controlled by the government.
Traditional Economy
An economy based on the culture and customs of a society. Goods and services are bartered (traded) between people.
Mixed Economy
An economic system combining private and public enterprise.
Natural resources
Earth's materials that have economic value
Gross Domestic Product
statistic to measure the total value of goods and services produced within a country
Income per capita
Income per person
More Developed Country (MDC)
A country that has high GDP and a well-developed infrastructure.
Less Developed Country (LDC)
A country with a low GDP and undeveloped infrastructure.
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